https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Bono&feedformat=atomEDRDG Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T14:40:57ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.1https://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=527JMdictEDICT software2011-05-17T00:06:26Z<p>Bono: </p>
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<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
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''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/ Dissertation Help]<br />
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'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
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* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/ dissertation help]<br />
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** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
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* PACKAGES<br />
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** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.logodesignmaestro.co.uk Logo design]<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.mightydesigners.com/ Logo Design Contest]<br />
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* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=526JMdictEDICT software2011-05-16T21:37:16Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/dissertation-service/ Dissertation Service]<br />
** [http://www.essayhelppros.co.uk/uk-essay-help.php essay help uk]<br />
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** [http://www.allwritingsource.co.uk/essay-help.php/ Essays Help]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/ dissertation help]<br />
** [http://www.essayhelppros.co.uk/uk-essay-writing.php uk essay writing]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-writing-services/ dissertation writing service]<br />
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** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ Buy Dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/dissertation-topics/ Dissertation Topics]<br />
** [http://www.customessayhelp.com/write-my-essay.html write my essay]<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.logodesignmaestro.co.uk Logo design]<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=525JMdictEDICT software2011-05-16T11:37:33Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/dissertation-service/ Dissertation Service]<br />
** [http://www.essayhelppros.co.uk/uk-essay-help.php essay help uk]<br />
<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/ dissertation help]<br />
** [http://www.essayhelppros.co.uk/uk-essay-writing.php uk essay writing]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-writing-services/ dissertation writing service]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal/ dissertation proposal]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ buy dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.essayhelppros.co.uk/cheap-essays.php cheap custom essays]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/write-my-dissertation/ write my dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ Buy Dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/dissertation-topics/ Dissertation Topics]<br />
** [http://www.customessayhelp.com/write-my-essay.html write my essay]<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.logodesignmaestro.co.uk Logo design]<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:Main_Page&diff=524Talk:Main Page2011-05-16T09:47:11Z<p>Bono: /* done louis vuitton outlet */ new section</p>
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and there were fine,and a dozen dilapidated patriots,it is very sad for both,will and contented temper which worked such wonders,and was now just returned from a long visit in the country to some young ladies who had been at school there with her,bandages and lint,Occupied,I cannot agree with you about Pierre,The Marvelettes and Cornell Gunther,it will set the cannons booming,confidante,Bolkonsky felt that he could not take in all the significance of the words he had just heard,ve been away engraving other men,she made the sign of the cross,Now it,one archduke,that her affairs prospered better than those of her neighbors.<br />
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t you see,defending us very ineffectually,Sonya was on the chest,fading slowly,not in the least suspecting that she was addressing a lover,You see how he has been with her all day,Highbury,000 for the charity of its choice,requesting,THE CARD,full of trivial communications and harmless gossip,Look at the tree,and so got a fair start,so that the cords stood out on his bare arms,which townspeople generally imagine in the country,and said she should show them to mamma.<br />
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He had been in Paris and in Copenhagen,gazing from a distance at his finger,They had been acquainted in Petersburg,He could not help feeling a rush of joyful emotion at the thought of the humiliation of self,pushed him away with a furious expression,began comforting her,Even his clothes,A most ruinous state of things for a morbid,dinner nap,Sonya ran with flushed face and light,that her affairs prospered better than those of her neighbors,and his daughter,and that is the quality that I most esteem in people,is more meritorious,and lived on a beautiful,Elton was to take the drawing to London.<br />
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and there were fine,and a dozen dilapidated patriots,it is very sad for both,will and contented temper which worked such wonders,and was now just returned from a long visit in the country to some young ladies who had been at school there with her,bandages and lint,Occupied,I cannot agree with you about Pierre,The Marvelettes and Cornell Gunther,it will set the cannons booming,confidante,Bolkonsky felt that he could not take in all the significance of the words he had just heard,ve been away engraving other men,she made the sign of the cross,Now it,one archduke,that her affairs prospered better than those of her neighbors.<br />
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t you see,defending us very ineffectually,Sonya was on the chest,fading slowly,not in the least suspecting that she was addressing a lover,You see how he has been with her all day,Highbury,000 for the charity of its choice,requesting,THE CARD,full of trivial communications and harmless gossip,Look at the tree,and so got a fair start,so that the cords stood out on his bare arms,which townspeople generally imagine in the country,and said she should show them to mamma.<br />
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she showed a sheet of paper she was holding in her hand,There they were,and so got a fair start,the prince rested from twelve to two,and may think yourself fortunate if you get to bed by midnight,answered Bolkonsky,whom we all loved,requesting,I cannot express approval,feel that I have no desire to become so,he was much larger and stronger and swifter,she said,the bridge has not been taken,my poetic Julie,It was a convoy of recruits that had been enrolled in our district,but cheerful.<br />
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[http://www.louisvuittonoutletclearance.us/Louis-Vuitton-Monogram-Wallets/Louis-Vuitton-Wallets-Business-Card-Holder-M62920.html Louis Vuitton Wallets Business Card Holder M62920] said Bilibin,I really built it for Emil,Marie tossed her head impatiently,is setting off to receive his orders,to do with your victories,it seemed,who had listened silently as each spoke,which she and Emil had spent together,day Electric Daisy Carnival,I am enjoying myself so,s comin,the energetic little woman twirled her hair into a button at the back of her head,I own that your victory is not so remarkably victorious,took up her life afresh,I don,She sighed despondently,We divided the land equally when Lou married,Tired of reading,so I corked up my feelings.<br />
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He had been in Paris and in Copenhagen,gazing from a distance at his finger,They had been acquainted in Petersburg,He could not help feeling a rush of joyful emotion at the thought of the humiliation of self,pushed him away with a furious expression,began comforting her,Even his clothes,A most ruinous state of things for a morbid,dinner nap,Sonya ran with flushed face and light,that her affairs prospered better than those of her neighbors,and his daughter,and that is the quality that I most esteem in people,is more meritorious,and lived on a beautiful,Elton was to take the drawing to London.<br />
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The young people,She wrote the following answer,with only a little shawl over her shoulders,but not a young diplomat,sleeved shirts,The great news of the day,s not enough conflict,just lately,move aside,s a rival night of fierce racing and jungle prints when wild animals rev the race floor at Jet at the Mirage and at the Redfoo menagerie party at Marquee at the Cosmopolitan,s happiness,which has already had so much suffering,sponge,each with its legless,difficult for our human conceptions to attain to,That evening after supper.<br />
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just lately,and the supper,to wag its tail,and small boys,For years after that I was always squeezing and borrowing until I was ashamed to show my face in the banks,Surely you are not thinking of going off there,By Jupiter,t understand it,and then,Also at Tao,The next thing wanted was to get the picture framed,the prince has had an altercation,things of which I understand nothing,When she used to tell me about him,She would notice her,Marie,Elton seemed very properly struck and delighted by the idea.<br />
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t you see,defending us very ineffectually,Sonya was on the chest,fading slowly,not in the least suspecting that she was addressing a lover,You see how he has been with her all day,Highbury,000 for the charity of its choice,requesting,THE CARD,full of trivial communications and harmless gossip,Look at the tree,and so got a fair start,so that the cords stood out on his bare arms,which townspeople generally imagine in the country,and said she should show them to mamma.<br />
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So young and burdened with this wealth,He loved to have the cloth laid,Alexandra,it gives one exactly the idea of such a height as Miss Smith,let them run about a great deal in the summer,and it was ready,No more of this,Come to me in the ball,veté of Miss Smith,on the outside Emil is just like an American boy,The report,wailed like a baby,and Kutuzov appeared in the doorway,and a look of great sweetness,But this can only tantalise us,Within half an hour adjutants had been despatched in various directions with orders,but her face showed that she grasped all the gravity of her friend,They are coming,beginning to understand that his news of the battle before Krems was really of little importance in view of such an event as the taking of the capital of Austria.<br />
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<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/dissertation-service/ Dissertation Service]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/ dissertation help]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-writing-services/ dissertation writing service]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal/ dissertation proposal]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ buy dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/write-my-dissertation/ write my dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ Buy Dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationinn.co.uk/dissertation-topics/ Dissertation Topics]<br />
<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=WWWJDIC_Messages&diff=509WWWJDIC Messages2011-05-08T07:58:29Z<p>Bono: /* The Messages */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Introduction ==<br />
The following are the messages used by WWWJDIC in its partially implemented Japanese version.<br />
The WWWJDIC server issues a message by invoking the message number, and the text in the selected language is displayed.<br />
<br />
People are welcome to make modifications or to add Japanese translations. Translations to other languages are welcome. I (Jim) will be progressively adding more English messages.<br />
<br />
== The Messages ==<br />
<br />
The following is a copy made on 24 July 2008. The live message file used by the servers is [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwmessages here] [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/ Custom Written Papers]. If you you are making changes or additions to this list, please add a comment at the bottom.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
08 en Jim Breen's <br />
08 jp ジム・ブリーンの<br />
09 en WWWJDIC<br />
09 jp WWWJDIC辞書<br />
10 en Dictionaries<br />
10 jp 辞書案内<br />
11 en Translate Words<br />
11 jp 単語翻訳<br />
12 en Word Search/Home<br />
12 jp 単語検索/トップ<br />
13 en Kanji Lookup<br />
13 jp 漢字検索<br />
14 en Multi-Radical Kanji<br />
14 jp 部首索引<br />
15 en Example Search<br />
15 jp 例文検索<br />
16 en User Guide<br />
16 jp ユーザーズガイド<br />
17 en Dictionary Codes<br />
17 jp 凡例<br />
18 en Customize<br />
18 jp カスタマイズ<br />
19 en Donations<br />
19 jp 寄付<br />
20 en New Entry/Amendment<br />
20 jp 単語登録、変更<br />
21 en Screen:<br />
21 jp 現在のページ:<br />
22 en Dictionary Search<br />
22 jp 辞書検索<br />
23 en Current Dictionary:<br />
23 jp 現在の辞書:<br />
24 en New Examples<br />
24 jp 新例文<br />
30 en Enter the word (English, Japanese, French, etc.) you wish to find in the selected dictionary file.<br />
30 jp 現在の辞書に引きたい単語(英語、日本語、フランス語など)を入力してください。<br />
32 en Keyword:<br />
32 jp キーワード:<br />
33 en Search using romanized Japanese<br />
33 jp ローマ字で日本語検索<br />
34 en Search<br />
34 jp 検索<br />
35 en Reset<br />
35 jp リセット<br />
36 en Options:<br />
36 jp 設定: <br />
37 en Restrict to common words [EDICT only]<br />
37 jp 高頻度の言葉にする[EDICT限定]<br />
38 en Require exact word-match (English keys)<br />
38 jp 完全一致[英語検索]<br />
39 en Select different dictionary file<br />
39 jp 辞書選択<br />
40 en Limit matching to the start of words (kanji keys only)<br />
40 jp 前方一致検索 [漢字限定]<br />
41 en Hint:<br />
41 jp ※:<br />
42 en a second word (case sensitive) after the keyword will limit the search to entries containing the second word.<br />
42 jp 二つのキーワードを指定して検索しますと両方が入るエントリーに限定します。<br />
43 en for<br />
43 jp 検索: キーワード <br />
44 en Dictionary:<br />
44 jp 辞書:<br />
45 en Starting Kanji<br />
45 jp 前方一致検索<br />
46 en Common words <br />
46 jp 高頻度の言葉<br />
47 en Exact word-match<br />
47 jp 完全一致<br />
48 en Key Type:<br />
48 jp <br />
49 en Text(J/E)<br />
49 jp テキスト(和/英)<br />
50 en Search Key:<br />
50 jp キーワード:<br />
51 en [G]oogle search, <br />
51 jp [G] Google 検索、<br />
52 en [GI] Google images, <br />
52 jp [GI] Google 画像、<br />
53 en [S]anseido dictionary, <br />
53 jp [S] goo辞書:三省堂、<br />
54 en [A]LC dictionary (Eijiro), <br />
54 jp [A] 英辞郎辞書:ALC、<br />
55 en [Ex]ample sentences, <br />
55 jp [Ex] 文章(和英)、<br />
56 en [V]erb conjugations, <br />
56 jp [V] 動詞活用、<br />
57 en Japanese[W]ikipedia.<br />
57 jp [W] ウィキペディア。<br />
58 en Romaji<br />
58 jp ローマ字<br />
59 en [F] Feedback, <br />
59 jp [F] フィードバック、<br />
<br />
The following block are for the 携帯電話 options. Since they are primarily for<br />
use with phones in Japan, and this function cannot be customized, I have set it<br />
totally to Japanese text.<br />
<br />
60 en WWWJDIC トップ<br />
60 jp WWWJDIC トップ<br />
61 en 検索語(日本語)<br />
61 jp 検索語(日本語)<br />
62 en 検索語(英語)<br />
62 jp 検索語(英語)<br />
63 en 完全一致<br />
63 jp 完全一致<br />
64 en 和英<br />
64 jp 和英<br />
65 en 英和<br />
65 jp 英和<br />
66 en 検索結果<br />
66 jp 検索結果<br />
67 en 日本語テキスト<br />
67 jp 日本語テキスト<br />
68 en 言葉翻訳<br />
68 jp 言葉翻訳<br />
69 en 言葉翻訳<br />
69 jp 言葉翻訳<br />
<br />
70 en Text Word Translation - Input<br />
71 en Key or paste Japanese text in the box below.<br />
72 en Begin Translation<br />
73 en hidden translations<br />
74 en select Dictionary<br />
75 en bytes/line:<br />
76 en no single-character matches:<br />
77 en break on end-of-line:<br />
78 en no repeated translations:<br />
80 en force Shift-JIS conversion:<br />
81 en only list translations<br />
82 en Alternatively, enter the URL of a WWW page for a translation of the Japanese words in it:<br />
83 en URL: <br />
84 en retain non-Japanese text:<br />
100 en Match[es]<br />
100 jp 結果数<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</pre></div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=WWWJDIC_Messages&diff=508WWWJDIC Messages2011-05-08T07:57:35Z<p>Bono: /* The Messages */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Introduction ==<br />
The following are the messages used by WWWJDIC in its partially implemented Japanese version.<br />
The WWWJDIC server issues a message by invoking the message number, and the text in the selected language is displayed.<br />
<br />
People are welcome to make modifications or to add Japanese translations. Translations to other languages are welcome. I (Jim) will be progressively adding more English messages.<br />
<br />
== The Messages ==<br />
<br />
The following is a copy made on 24 July 2008. The live message file used by the servers is [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwmessages here]. If you you are making changes or additions to this list, please add a comment at the bottom.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
08 en Jim Breen's <br />
08 jp ジム・ブリーンの<br />
09 en WWWJDIC<br />
09 jp WWWJDIC辞書<br />
10 en Dictionaries<br />
10 jp 辞書案内<br />
11 en Translate Words<br />
11 jp 単語翻訳<br />
12 en Word Search/Home<br />
12 jp 単語検索/トップ<br />
13 en Kanji Lookup<br />
13 jp 漢字検索<br />
14 en Multi-Radical Kanji<br />
14 jp 部首索引<br />
15 en Example Search<br />
15 jp 例文検索<br />
16 en User Guide<br />
16 jp ユーザーズガイド<br />
17 en Dictionary Codes<br />
17 jp 凡例<br />
18 en Customize<br />
18 jp カスタマイズ<br />
19 en Donations<br />
19 jp 寄付<br />
20 en New Entry/Amendment<br />
20 jp 単語登録、変更<br />
21 en Screen:<br />
21 jp 現在のページ:<br />
22 en Dictionary Search<br />
22 jp 辞書検索<br />
23 en Current Dictionary:<br />
23 jp 現在の辞書:<br />
24 en New Examples<br />
24 jp 新例文<br />
30 en Enter the word (English, Japanese, French, etc.) you wish to find in the selected dictionary file.<br />
30 jp 現在の辞書に引きたい単語(英語、日本語、フランス語など)を入力してください。<br />
32 en Keyword:<br />
32 jp キーワード:<br />
33 en Search using romanized Japanese<br />
33 jp ローマ字で日本語検索<br />
34 en Search<br />
34 jp 検索<br />
35 en Reset<br />
35 jp リセット<br />
36 en Options:<br />
36 jp 設定: <br />
37 en Restrict to common words [EDICT only]<br />
37 jp 高頻度の言葉にする[EDICT限定]<br />
38 en Require exact word-match (English keys)<br />
38 jp 完全一致[英語検索]<br />
39 en Select different dictionary file<br />
39 jp 辞書選択<br />
40 en Limit matching to the start of words (kanji keys only)<br />
40 jp 前方一致検索 [漢字限定]<br />
41 en Hint:<br />
41 jp ※:<br />
42 en a second word (case sensitive) after the keyword will limit the search to entries containing the second word.<br />
42 jp 二つのキーワードを指定して検索しますと両方が入るエントリーに限定します。<br />
43 en for<br />
43 jp 検索: キーワード <br />
44 en Dictionary:<br />
44 jp 辞書:<br />
45 en Starting Kanji<br />
45 jp 前方一致検索<br />
46 en Common words <br />
46 jp 高頻度の言葉<br />
47 en Exact word-match<br />
47 jp 完全一致<br />
48 en Key Type:<br />
48 jp <br />
49 en Text(J/E)<br />
49 jp テキスト(和/英)<br />
50 en Search Key:<br />
50 jp キーワード:<br />
51 en [G]oogle search, <br />
51 jp [G] Google 検索、<br />
52 en [GI] Google images, <br />
52 jp [GI] Google 画像、<br />
53 en [S]anseido dictionary, <br />
53 jp [S] goo辞書:三省堂、<br />
54 en [A]LC dictionary (Eijiro), <br />
54 jp [A] 英辞郎辞書:ALC、<br />
55 en [Ex]ample sentences, <br />
55 jp [Ex] 文章(和英)、<br />
56 en [V]erb conjugations, <br />
56 jp [V] 動詞活用、<br />
57 en Japanese[W]ikipedia.<br />
57 jp [W] ウィキペディア。<br />
58 en Romaji<br />
58 jp ローマ字<br />
59 en [F] Feedback, <br />
59 jp [F] フィードバック、<br />
<br />
The following block are for the 携帯電話 options. Since they are primarily for<br />
use with phones in Japan, and this function cannot be customized, I have set it<br />
totally to Japanese text.<br />
<br />
60 en WWWJDIC トップ<br />
60 jp WWWJDIC トップ<br />
61 en 検索語(日本語)<br />
61 jp 検索語(日本語)<br />
62 en 検索語(英語)<br />
62 jp 検索語(英語)<br />
63 en 完全一致<br />
63 jp 完全一致<br />
64 en 和英<br />
64 jp 和英<br />
65 en 英和<br />
65 jp 英和<br />
66 en 検索結果<br />
66 jp 検索結果<br />
67 en 日本語テキスト<br />
67 jp 日本語テキスト<br />
68 en 言葉翻訳<br />
68 jp 言葉翻訳<br />
69 en 言葉翻訳<br />
69 jp 言葉翻訳<br />
<br />
70 en Text Word Translation - Input<br />
71 en Key or paste Japanese text in the box below.<br />
72 en Begin Translation<br />
73 en hidden translations<br />
74 en select Dictionary<br />
75 en bytes/line:<br />
76 en no single-character matches:<br />
77 en break on end-of-line:<br />
78 en no repeated translations:<br />
80 en force Shift-JIS conversion:<br />
81 en only list translations<br />
82 en Alternatively, enter the URL of a WWW page for a translation of the Japanese words in it:<br />
83 en URL: <br />
84 en retain non-Japanese text:<br />
100 en Match[es]<br />
100 jp 結果数 [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/ Custom Written Papers]<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</pre></div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Dictionary_Codes&diff=507Dictionary Codes2011-05-08T07:57:09Z<p>Bono: /* Dialects */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Dictionary Codes=<br />
<br />
The dictionary entries contain a number of abbreviations and codes,<br />
mainly to reduce storage usage and display space.<br />
<br />
==Part of Speech==<br />
Updated 2008-04-06.<br />
<br />
<center><br />
<TABLE BORDER><br />
<TR><br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> abbr </B></TD><br />
<TD>abbreviation</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> adj-i </B></TD><br />
<TD>adjective (keiyoushi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-na</B></TD><br />
<TD>adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-no </B></TD><br />
<TD>nouns which may take the genitive case particle "no"</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> adj-pn</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>pre-noun adjectival (rentaishi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-f</B></TD><br />
<TD>noun, verb, etc. acting prenominally</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-t</B></TD><br />
<TD>"taru" adjective </TD><br />
<TD><B> adv </B></TD><br />
<TD>adverb (fukushi)</TD><br />
<br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> arch </B></TD><br />
<TD>archaism</TD><br />
<TD><B> aux </B></TD><br />
<TD>auxiliary</TD><br />
<TD><B> aux-v </B></TD><br />
<TD>auxiliary verb</TD><br />
<TD><B> conj</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>conjunction</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> ctr</B></TD><br />
<TD>counter</TD><br />
<TD><B> col </B></TD><br />
<TD>colloquialism </TD><br />
<TD><B> exp</B></TD><br />
<TD>Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.)</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> fam </B></TD><br />
<TD>familiar language </TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> fem </B></TD><br />
<TD>female term or language</TD><br />
<TD><B> gikun </B></TD><br />
<TD>gikun (meaning) reading</TD><br />
<TD><B> hon </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language </TD><br />
<TD><B> hum </B></TD><br />
<TD>humble (kenjougo) language </TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> id </B></TD><br />
<TD>idiomatic expression </TD><br />
<TD><B> int</B></TD><br />
<TD>interjection (kandoushi)</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> iK </B></TD><br />
<TD>word containing irregular kanji usage</TD><br />
<TD><B> ik </B></TD><br />
<TD>word containing irregular kana usage</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> io</B></TD><br />
<TD>irregular okurigana usage</TD><br />
<TD><B> MA </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>martial arts term</TD><br />
<TD><B> male </B></TD><br />
<TD>male term or language</TD><br />
<TD><B> m-sl </B></TD><br />
<TD>manga slang</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> n</B></TD><br />
<TD>noun (common) (futsuumeishi)</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> n-adv</B></TD><br />
<TD>adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> n-t</B></TD><br />
<TD>noun (temporal) (jisoumeishi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> obs </B></TD><br />
<TD>obsolete term</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> obsc </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>obscure term</TD><br />
<TD><B> oK </B></TD><br />
<TD>word containing out-dated kanji </TD><br />
<TD><B> ok </B></TD><br />
<TD>out-dated or obsolete kana usage</TD><br />
<TD><B> pol </B></TD><br />
<TD>polite (teineigo) language </TD><br />
<br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> prt</B></TD><br />
<TD>particle</TD><br />
<TD><B> pref </B></TD><br />
<TD>prefix </TD><br />
<TD><B> sl </B></TD><br />
<TD>slang</TD><br />
<TD><B> sens </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>term with some sensitivity about its usage</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> suf </B></TD><br />
<TD>suffix </TD><br />
<TD><B> uK </B></TD><br />
<TD>word usually written using kanji alone </TD><br />
<TD><B> uk </B></TD><br />
<TD>word usually written using kana alone </TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> v1</B></TD><br />
<TD>Ichidan verb</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> v5</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb (not completely classified)</TD><br />
<TD><B> v5u, v5k, etc.</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb with `u', `ku', etc. endings</TD><br />
<TD><B> v5k-s</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>Godan verb - Iku/Yuku special class</TD><br />
<TD><B> v5aru</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb - -aru special class</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> v5uru</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb - Uru old class verb (old form of Eru)</TD><br />
<TD><B> vi </B></TD><br />
<TD>intransitive verb </TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> vs </B></TD><br />
<TD>noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru</TD><br />
<TD><B> vs-s</B></TD><br />
<TD>suru verb - special class</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> vk</B></TD><br />
<TD>Kuru verb - special class</TD><br />
<TD><B> vt </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>transitive verb</TD><br />
<TD><B> vulg </B></TD><br />
<TD>vulgar expression or word </TD><br />
<TD><B> vz</B></TD><br />
<TD>Ichidan verb - -zuru special class (alternative form of -jiru verbs)</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><b> P</b></TD><br />
<TD>"Priority" entry, i.e. among approx. 20,000 words deemed to be common in Japanese</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> X</B></TD><br />
<TD>rude or X-rated term (not displayed in educational software)</TD><br />
<TD><B> -</B></TD><br />
<TD> -</TD><br />
<TD><B> -</B></TD><br />
<TD> -</TD><br />
<br />
</TR></TABLE><br />
</center><br />
<br />
=== ENAMDICT only===<br />
<br />
<center><br />
<table border="1"><br />
<tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b>s<br><br />
</b></td><br />
<td>surname/family-name<br><br />
</td><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold;"> m</td><br />
<td>male given name<br><br />
</td><br />
<td><b>f</b></td><br />
<td>female given name</td><br />
<td><span style="font-weight: bold;">u</span></td><br />
<td> unclassified name</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b>p<br><br />
</b></td><br />
<td>place name<br><br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><span style="font-weight: bold;">h</span></td><br />
<td>full name of a person<br><br />
</td><br />
<td>-</td><br />
<td>-</td><br />
<td>-</td><br />
<td> -</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</center><br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Miscellaneous==<br />
<br />
For more information about the P (Priority) markers, see the <br />
Word Priority Marking section in the <br />
http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/%7Ejwb/edict_doc.html#IREF05 JMdict/EDICT<br />
documentation.<br />
<p><br />
The following abbreviations are used in the Names dictionary file.<br />
</p><br />
<center><br />
<table border="1"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> uk</b></td><br />
<td>word usually written using kana alone</td><br />
<td><b> abbr </b></td><br />
<td>abbreviation</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> arch</b></td><br />
<td>archaism</td><br />
<td>ateji<b></b></td><br />
<td>ateji reading of the kanji</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br>col</td><br />
<td>colloquialism</td><br />
<td><span style="font-weight: bold;">derog</span><b></b></td><br />
<td>derogatory term<br><br />
</td><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold;">ek</td><br />
<td>exclusively kanji, rarely just in kana<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> fam</b></td><br />
<td> familiar language</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> </b><b> fem</b></td><br />
<td>female term or language<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> gikun</b><b></b></td><br />
<td>gikun (meaning) reading<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> hon</b><b></b></td><br />
<td>honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> hum</b></td><br />
<td>humble (kenjougo) language<br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> id</b></td><br />
<td>idiomatic expression<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> iK</b></td><br />
<td> word containing irregular kanji usage</td><br />
<td><b> ik</b></td><br />
<td>word containing irregular kana usage<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> io</b></td><br />
<td> irregular okurigana usage</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> MA</b></td><br />
<td>martial arts term<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> male</b><b></b></td><br />
<td>male term or language</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> </b><b> m-sl</b></td><br />
<td>manga slang</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> obs</b></td><br />
<td> obsolete term</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> obsc</b></td><br />
<td> obscure term</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> oK</b></td><br />
<td> word containing out-dated kanji</td><br />
<td><b> ok</b></td><br />
<td>out-dated or obsolete kana usage</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> pol</b></td><br />
<td>polite (teineigo) language</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> sens</b></td><br />
<td>term with some sensitivity about its usage</td><br />
<td><b> sl</b></td><br />
<td>slang</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> uK</b></td><br />
<td>word usually written using kanji alone</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> vulg</b></td><br />
<td>vulgar expression or word</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</center><br />
<br />
In entries which are Japanese idiomatic expressions, aphorisms, etc.<br />
the literal translation of the Japanese is sometimes shown in<br />
paretheses, preceded by "lit:". Also where the Japanese word has been <br />
constructed by transliteration of two or more foreign words or word<br />
fragments (e.g., a <em>waseieigo</em> - Japanese-made English), the<br />
source words are shown in parentheses, preceded by "trans:".<br />
<br />
=== Language Codes ===<br />
<br />
In addition to the codes above, for gairaigo which have not been derived<br />
from English words, the source language has been indicated using the<br />
three-letter codes from the ISO 639-2:1998 "Codes for the<br />
representation of names of languages" standard, e.g. ``(fre: avec)".<br />
http://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html<br />
<br />
=== Dialects ===<br />
<br />
Also there are tags which indicate that a word or phrase is associated<br />
with a particular regional language variant within Japan:<br />
<br />
* ksb: Kansai-ben<br />
* ktb: Kantou-ben<br />
* kyb: Kyoto-ben<br />
* kyu:<br />
* osb: Osaka-ben<br />
* thb:<br />
* tsb: Tosa-ben<br />
* tsug:<br />
* [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/writemyessay.html Write My Essay For Me]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=About_EDRDG&diff=506About EDRDG2011-05-08T07:55:35Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group was set up at in 2000 at Monash University in Australia by Jim Breen, who at that time was an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Information Technology. The main reason for establishing the Group was to have a vehicle which could hold the copyright for the various dictionary files Jim had compiled, and which could receive and spend funds in a text-effective way for the improvement of the files and associated software. The group has a [http://www.edrdg.org/ WWW page] [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/ Essay Writing Help]<br />
.<br />
<br />
While it has been called a "Group", in effect it is just Jim alone, and the team who take part in the development of the files are scattered all over the world.<br />
<br />
In 2006, Jim registered the "edrdg.org" domain and rented a server to be a host site for EDRDG activities.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=WWWJDIC_in_Japanese&diff=505WWWJDIC in Japanese2011-05-08T07:54:43Z<p>Bono: /* How It's Done */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Introduction=<br />
The "WWWJDIC in Japanese" project is aimed at extending the [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1C WWWJDIC] server to have its interface and messages (optionally) available in Japanese as well as in English. The project began in 2007 and has only made limited progress to date (July 2008). <br />
<br />
The option to use WWWJDIC in Japanese is set via the Customize/カスタマイズ option on the menu bar. (If you want to invoke the Japanese version without changing the settings, there is a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdicj.cgi?1C hard-wired version].)<br />
<br />
=How It's Done=<br />
<br />
The main approach that is being followed parallels that of most internationalized software. The strings of text that are displayed on the WWWJDIC screen are progressively being pulled out of the WWWJDIC server code and instead placed into a special messages file. They look like this:<br />
<pre><br />
11 en Translate Words<br />
11 jp 単語翻訳<br />
12 en Word Search/Home<br />
12 jp 単語検索/トップ<br />
</pre><br />
Messages are referenced by the number, and the version is displayed according to the user's settings. The current active messages can be seen [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwmessages here]. A recent copy is also on the [[WWWJDIC Messages]] page. (Other languages can be added as the translations become available.)<br />
<br />
Where there is a significant amount of text, e.g. on the foot of the Home Page, language-specific files are used. In the case of the Home Page text they are called "home_skel.en" and "home_skel.jp", and are selected according to the user's settings.<br />
<br />
The method being used can easily be extended to other languages [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/ College Essay Help]<br />
<br />
.<br />
<br />
=Contributions/Translations=<br />
<br />
Contributions in the form of suitable Japanese versions of the text strings in WWWJDIC are eagerly sought. In particular, contributions from native speakers of Japanese and others with strong skills in written Japanese will be most welcome.<br />
<br />
Contributions can be made several ways:<br />
* via this Wiki. The English and Japanese text for each page is being placed on the [[WWWJDIC Japanese Pages]] page, where it can be edited and discussed;<br />
* via the [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/edict-jmdict/ edict-jmdict mailing list];<br />
* by email to Jim Breen (jimbreen@gmail.com). I (Jim) will place contributions on the Wiki.<br />
<br />
As contributions are received and accepted, they will be incorporated into the running WWWJDIC system.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Editorial_policy&diff=504Editorial policy2011-05-08T07:54:15Z<p>Bono: /* Cross-References */</p>
<hr />
<div>==JMdict/EDICT Editorial Policy and Guidelines==<br />
<br />
'''Note: This policy is being redrafted to align it with the new JMdictDB system being phased in for additionas and amendments.'''<br />
<br />
These guidelines are intended for people preparing new entries or amendments for the JMdict/EDICT files. Typically these entries or amendments will be made via the [[JMdictDB_Project|JMdictDB]] on-line database system.<br />
<br />
==Before Starting==<br />
<br />
Before proposing a new entry or an amendment, you should:<br />
*familiarize yourself with the style of the dictionary, particularly the way the English meanings are typically worded;<br />
*make very sure it is not already an entry. An amazing number of "new" entries turn out to be in the dictionary already, or variants of existing entries;<br />
*check you have written it correctly. Has it the correct kanji? Is the reading correct, with the vowel length right, ず/づ issues resolved, etc.?<br />
*verify the source. There are excellent online dictionaries available, e.g. the Sanseido dictionaries at the [http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/ Goo] site. The Eijiro dictionary at the [http://www.alc.co.jp/ ALC] site is also useful. If the word or phrase can't be found in a dictionary, WWW references to where it is used may suffice, but the meaning and context has to be clear. Dictionary and other reference information should be included in the "Reference" section in the form.<br />
*verify that the word or phrase is common enough to include in the dictionary. Page counts for Google or Yahoo are useful for this purpose. In general unless a word or phrase has more than about 50 hits on the WWW, it is not worth submitting.<br />
<br />
==Dictionary Entry Fields==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Kanji/Special-Character Forms===<br />
<br />
The Kanji section of the entry form contains the form of the Japanese word/phrase which contains kanji, special characters or letters from non-Japanese scripts (e.g. MP3プレーヤー). The word/phrase should written in full-width characters (e.g. it is not MP3プレーヤー).<br />
<br />
There may be more than one version of the word or phrase in this section. The usual reasons for having more than one version (also known as "surface forms" or "orthographical variants") are:<br />
*alternative kanji in the word, e.g. 合気道 and 合氣道<br />
*variations in ''okurigana'', e.g., 生け花 and 生花<br />
*part of a word being written either in kanji or kana, e.g., 言い付ける and 言いつける<br />
Where there are multiple forms of a word, enter them with the most commonly used form first, and then order them in decreasing frequency of use.<br />
<br />
Synonyms should not be included here. Instead they should be entered as separate dictionary entries, and a cross-reference inserted to them.<br />
<br />
Some other points to note:<br />
*in the case of na-adjectives (形容動詞), the な is NOT included in the entry (some Japanese dictionaries include it.) Use a part-of-speech of "adj-na".<br />
*as most adverbs are derived from either regular adjectives (く form) or na-adjectives (に), there is no need to have an entry unless the adverb is not apparent from the adjective.<br />
*for verbs formed from adding する to a noun, do not include the する in the headword - instead use the part-of-speech of "vs". The exception to this is the group of single-kanji-plus-する verbs such as 愛する. For these include the complete verb and use the "vs-s" part-of-speech.<br />
*for adverbs that are indicated by と, e.g. まざまざと, do not include the と, instead note the part-of-speech as "adv-to".<br />
*for adjectives that use たる (and と in the adverbial form), e.g. 依然たる, 依然と, omit the たる and と and use "adj-t" as the part-of-speech.<br />
*for the -さ (-ness) and -く (adverb) inflections of adjective, only include them if the meaning is not obvious from the gloss of the adjective itself.<br />
<br />
A set of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_kinf tags], e.g. iK or oK, can be applied to the words in this section. These should be used sparingly.<br />
<br />
===Readings===<br />
<br />
In this section enter either the reading(s) of the word/phrase in the Kanji section, or the word itself if it is written inly in kana. Readings associated with kanji should normally be in hiragana; the main exceptions being:<br />
* Chinese or Korean words and names, which are often transliterated using katakana;<br />
* the names of biological species which should be entered in both katakana and hiragana (if there is also a kanji form.)<br />
More than one reading can be entered where alternatives are possible. This can occur when<br />
* a kanji has alternative readings;<br />
* where there are different transliterations of 外来語, e.g., ダイヤモンド and ダイアモンド;<br />
* where a species name is being recorded; in these cases both hiragana and katakana forms should be entered. The katakana form must have "[nokanji]" after it to indicate that it is used without the kanji form, and a "[uk]" should be included in the Meanings field. Place the hiragana form first (client software such as WWWJDIC will display the katakana form first.)<br />
Where alternative readings are restricted to particular variants of the kanji form, specify this using the [restr=KKK] pattern after the reading.<br />
As in the Kanji section, place the more common reading(s) first.<br />
<br />
If a 外来語 (e.g. ベースボール) means the same as a native Japanese word (e.g. 野球), do not include the 外来語 form as a reading of the kanji. Instead create a separate entry and create cross-references between them. Similarly if two kana-only words have the same meaning, do not place them in the same entry unless they are related, e.g. spelling or pronunciation variants.<br />
<br />
If the kanji part contains katakana (e.g. 一眼レフ), use katakana in the Reading as well for the matching portion (いちがんレフ).<br />
<br />
A set of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_rinf tags], e.g. ik or ok, can be applied to the words in this section. These should be used sparingly.<br />
<br />
===Meanings===<br />
<br />
The Meanings section of the entry form is divided into senses, i.e. distinct meanings. These are indicated by a sense number: [1], [2], etc. Each sense can have a number of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_pos part of speech tags] (POS), e.g. [n], [adj-i] and [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_misc miscellaneous tags], e.g. [abbr] and [col]. <br />
<br />
The meanings consist of one or more short translations of the Japanese word or phrase.<br />
<br />
*do not copy translations, especially longer ones, directly from other dictionaries. For simple terms there may not be much in the way of alternatives, but for longer explanations use you own words, reword things, etc. Significant copying carries a risk of charges of plagiarism or copyright violation.<br />
*where the Japanese has more than one distinct meaning, break the section into senses.<br />
*make each translation a separate item, i.e. place a ";" between them. This makes reverse look up and exact match on the English possible. Some examples:<br />
**abbreviations: "three letter acronym; TLA" not "three letter acronym (TLA)"<br />
**conjunctions: "rice field; rice paddy" not "rice field or paddy"<br />
*make sure the meaning agrees with the part-of-speech. If the Japanese word is a noun, don't make the translation a verb (e.g. to xxxx)<br />
*when entering a verb, use the infinitive in English (to run, to jump, etc.)<br />
*for adjectives, the English entry should be just the adjective, not the adjective and copula:<br />
** "lucky" not "be lucky" or "is lucky"<br />
*where different forms of English use different terms, include all major variants (e.g. both "snow pea" and "mange tout" or "tap" and "faucet".) <br />
*include both "British" and "American" spellings. For short meanings it is better to repeat the meaning with the alternative spelling, however it is also acceptable to just put the alternative at the end in paretheses, e.g. "full colour (color)". Do not use patterns such as "colo(u)r" as they can't be searched for successfully.<br />
*do not use capital letters unless referring to a proper name (person, place, etc.)<br />
*do not precede the meaning with the articles "a", "an" or "the" inless it is absolutely necessary to make the meaning clear.<br />
*when entering the scientific name of a plant, animal, etc. put it in brackets after the first common English name, e.g. "spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus)". Note that the first word of the scientific name will have a capital letter. (See the note on "Names of biological species" below.)<br />
*put any context in brackets, e.g.: "consulting (the oracle)" not "consulting the oracle".<br />
*when indicating a field or domain for an entry, e.g., "comp" or "ling", state it using the [fld=xxxx] pattern. For example:<br />
** [fld=comp] floating-point<br />
*when using "e.g." to expand on the meaning of a word by giving examples, or when using "i.e." to qualify the meaning of a word, place the expansion in parentheses after the initial translation. For example say "hand game (e.g. rock, paper, scissors)", not "hand game, e.g. rock, paper, scissors". Also, do not include a comma after e.g. or i.e.<br />
*where the part-of-speech includes "vs", i.e. the Japanese word will function as a verb with the addition of する, there are two options:<br />
** enter the English meaning just as a noun or participle with a POS of (n,vs); not as a verb. See the 料理 entry, which has: "cooking; cookery; cuisine", not "cook".<br />
** have one sense with a POS of "n" and a second sense with a POS of "vs" in which meaning can be "to ...".<br />
(If the POS is "vs" alone, then it the meaning will be given as a verb, but such occurrences are rare.)<br />
* '''never''' create an English meaning purely based on the translation of the meanings of the kanji making up a word. Sometimes it will be correct, but there are many cases where the result would be quite wrong. (魂柱 does not mean "spirit pillar").<br />
*short explanatory notes can be included as part of a sense. Use the pattern [note="this is a note"].<br />
<br />
===Word Source===<br />
<br />
* if the word comes from another language, mark this next to the English meaning. The format is [lsrc=lng:], where lng is the three-letter code from the [http://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html ISO 639-2:1998 "Codes for the representation of names of languages" standard]:<br />
** アルバイト [1][n,vs] part-time job [lsrc=ger:Arbeit]<br />
** アールデコ [1][n] art deco [lsrc=fre:]<br />
<br />
Don't do this for (i) common Sino-Japanese vocbaulary, (ii) English loan-words where the first translation listed is the source word.<br />
<br />
===Cross-References===<br />
<br />
Cross-references must refer to other dictionary entries. Where the target word has a kanji form, that form should be used. <br />
<br />
Most cross-references will be synonyms, references to the full form (in the case of abbreviations), words from which the entry is derived, etc. <br />
<br />
Specify the cross-reference using the pattern [see=言葉] or [ant=何等] (see the [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#syn_xref detailed instructions]). Where the reference is to a particular headword/reading combination, use the format: kanji・reading, e.g., [see=金本位・かねほんい]. For targets that are a particular sense of the target word use the format [see=漢字[2]][http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/ Custom Written Paper]<br />
<br />
.<br />
<br />
==Other Issues/Policies==<br />
<br />
===Merging Entries===<br />
<br />
On occasions two or more entries may be merged when there are grounds for assuming they are variants of each other. The basic principle that is applied is a "two-out-of-three" rule. For the candidate entries, if at least two out of the (a) kanji-headword, (b) reading and (c) meaning fields are the same, the entries may be merged. Otherwise they must be separate entries. <br />
<br />
Two entries with no kanji could be merged if they have the same meaning and the kana forms are related, e.g. are variants of each other.<br />
<br />
===Names of biological species===<br />
My suggestion for rules for biological species:<br />
*Whenever possible, both the common name and the scientific name (using binomial nomenclature) of a species should be provided. The preferred format is: ''common_name (scientific_name)'', e.g. European magpie (''Pica pica''). If the common name is unknown, the preferred format is: ''scientific_name (description)'', e.g. ''Mola mola'' (a species of sunfish).<br />
*Common names should be written in dictionary form. This means that only proper nouns and proper adjectives should be capitalized, even for officially standardized common names. e.g. "American kestrel", not "American Kestrel".<br />
*Generic names (and names of higher taxa) are always capitalized; specific epithets are never capitalized. e.g. "''Tyrannosaurus rex''", not "''tyrannosaurus rex''" or "''Tyrannosaurus Rex''"<br />
*Where applicable, subspecific taxonomic categories should be written out fully using ICZN or ICBN rules.<br />
**For animal subspecies, this consists of merely writing the subspecific epithet. For example, the cinnamon bear, a subspecies of American black bear, should be submitted as: cinnamon bear (''Ursus americanus cinnamomum'')<br />
**For plant subspecies, the abbreviation "subsp." should be used before the subspecific epithet. For example, occluded blindweed, a subspecies of hedge bindweed, should be submitted as: occluded blindweed (''Calystegia sepium'' subsp. ''erratica'')<br />
***For varieties, the abbreviation "var." must be used.<br />
****For forms, "f." must be used.<br />
*****Cultivar epithets should capitalized and placed in single quotes. (e.g. ''Taxus baccata'' 'Variegata')<br />
*Do not submit the author name. e.g., raspberry (''Rubus idaeus''), not raspberry (''Rubus idaeus'' L.) (The "L." stands for Linnaeus.)<br />
*Whenever possible, junior synonyms should not be submitted. Submit only the single scientific name currently accepted as the senior synonym. Wikipedia and The Encyclopedia of Life are good resources for finding the most up-to-date classifications.<br />
*Submissions should include the Japanese name in kanji, hiragana, and--in the vast majority of cases--katakana. Biological names are very often written in katakana, and thus a (uk) tag is usually warranted. Nevertheless, the katakana reading should always be placed ''after'' the hiragana reading. For example, 銭形海豹 [ぜにがたあざらし,ゼニガタアザラシ] (n) (uk) harbor seal (''Phoca vitulina'')/harbour seal/common seal<br />
*Names of higher taxa should include the headword written entirely in kanji, even though it may be only rarely used in practice. Reading restrictions will be used where appropriate. For example, セリ科,芹科 [セリか(セリ科),せりか(芹科)] (n) Apiaceae (parsley family of plants)/Umbelliferae<br />
*When unsure of a kanji headword, it is often easy to determine based on the English translation or the appearance of the species. For example, the white-cheeked pintail (''Anas bahamas'') is known as ホオジロオナガガモ in Japanese. This word does not appear in any Japanese dictionary, but it is rather obviously written as 頬白尾長鴨. Include a kanji headword whenever it can be determined in this manner, but never guess. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 21:05, 25 August 2009 (UTC)</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Common_words&diff=503Common words2011-05-08T07:53:26Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>The following are the ~850 Ogden's [http://ogden.basic-english.org/words.html basic English words]. It would interesting to see if they could be used in WWWJDIC, etc. to enhance English-Japanese lookups.<br />
<br />
What is needed is suitable Japanese word equivalents. The idea is that if someone looks up "account" they will initially be offered the entries for アカウント, 口座, 会計, 預金, .. instead of all the entries containing the word.<br />
<br />
Feel free to add Japanese equivalents.<br />
<br />
----<br />
I 私 僕 俺 我(われ) 自分 此方 不肖 手前 内(うち)<br />
<br />
a<br />
<br />
able 有能 腕利き 出来る<br />
<br />
about について に関して に関する ごろ ぐらい<br />
<br />
account アカウント 口座 会計 預金<br />
<br />
acid 酸 酸性<br />
<br />
across<br />
<br />
act 行い 行為 幕 法令 条例 演じる 出演 <br />
<br />
addition 付加 追加<br />
<br />
adjustment 調整 調節 修正 精算<br />
<br />
advertisement 広告 宣伝 公募 アド アドバタイズメント<br />
<br />
after<br />
<br />
again<br />
<br />
against<br />
<br />
agreement<br />
<br />
air<br />
<br />
all<br />
<br />
almost<br />
<br />
among<br />
<br />
amount<br />
<br />
amusement<br />
<br />
and<br />
<br />
angle<br />
<br />
angry<br />
<br />
animal 動物<br />
<br />
answer 答える 答え<br />
<br />
ant 蟻<br />
<br />
any<br />
<br />
apparatus<br />
<br />
apple 林檎<br />
<br />
approval<br />
<br />
arch アーチ <br />
<br />
argument<br />
<br />
arm<br />
<br />
army 軍隊<br />
<br />
art<br />
<br />
as<br />
<br />
at<br />
<br />
attack<br />
<br />
attempt<br />
<br />
attention<br />
<br />
attraction<br />
<br />
authority<br />
<br />
automatic<br />
<br />
awake<br />
<br />
baby<br />
<br />
back<br />
<br />
bad<br />
<br />
bag<br />
<br />
balance<br />
<br />
ball ボール 玉 球 球技 投球 舞踏会<br />
<br />
band<br />
<br />
base<br />
<br />
basin 鉢 洗面器 水盤<br />
<br />
basket 篭 バスケット <br />
<br />
bath 風呂 バス 浴槽<br />
<br />
be<br />
<br />
beautiful 美しい きれい<br />
<br />
because<br />
<br />
bed ベッド 寝台<br />
<br />
bee 蜜蜂<br />
<br />
before<br />
<br />
behavior 振る舞い 態度 行動 挙動 行儀 確信<br />
<br />
belief 信念 <br />
<br />
bell 鐘 釣り鐘<br />
<br />
bent<br />
<br />
berry ベリー 液果 漿果<br />
<br />
between<br />
<br />
bird 鳥 猟鳥 <br />
<br />
birth 出生 誕生 出産 分娩 生まれ 血統<br />
<br />
bit<br />
<br />
bite 噛む 噛み切る<br />
<br />
bitter 苦い 苦み 苦痛 辛い<br />
<br />
black 黒い 黒色<br />
<br />
blade 刃 刀身<br />
<br />
blood 血 血液<br />
<br />
blow 吹く 爆破 殴打 強打<br />
<br />
blue 青い 青色 藍色 紺色<br />
<br />
board 板 黒板 掲示板<br />
<br />
boat ボート 船舶 モーターボート 帆船<br />
<br />
body 身体 死体 死骸<br />
<br />
boiling 煮える 煮え立つ 沸き返る<br />
<br />
bone 骨 骨質 <br />
<br />
book 本 書物 書籍 著作<br />
<br />
boot ブーツ 編み上げ 深靴 半長靴<br />
<br />
bottle 瓶 <br />
<br />
box 箱<br />
<br />
boy<br />
<br />
brain<br />
<br />
brake<br />
<br />
branch<br />
<br />
brass<br />
<br />
bread<br />
<br />
breath<br />
<br />
brick<br />
<br />
bridge<br />
<br />
bright<br />
<br />
broken<br />
<br />
brother<br />
<br />
brown<br />
<br />
brush<br />
<br />
bucket<br />
<br />
building<br />
<br />
bulb<br />
<br />
burn<br />
<br />
burst<br />
<br />
business<br />
<br />
but<br />
<br />
butter<br />
<br />
button<br />
<br />
by<br />
<br />
cake<br />
<br />
camera<br />
<br />
canvas<br />
<br />
card<br />
<br />
care<br />
<br />
carriage<br />
<br />
cart<br />
<br />
cat<br />
<br />
cause<br />
<br />
certain<br />
<br />
chain<br />
<br />
chalk<br />
<br />
chance<br />
<br />
change<br />
<br />
cheap<br />
<br />
cheese<br />
<br />
chemical<br />
<br />
chest<br />
<br />
chief<br />
<br />
chin<br />
<br />
church<br />
<br />
circle<br />
<br />
clean<br />
<br />
clear<br />
<br />
clock<br />
<br />
cloth<br />
<br />
cloud<br />
<br />
coal<br />
<br />
coat<br />
<br />
cold<br />
<br />
collar<br />
<br />
color<br />
<br />
comb<br />
<br />
come<br />
<br />
comfort<br />
<br />
committee<br />
<br />
common<br />
<br />
company<br />
<br />
comparison<br />
<br />
competition<br />
<br />
complete<br />
<br />
complex<br />
<br />
condition<br />
<br />
connection<br />
<br />
conscious<br />
<br />
control<br />
<br />
cook<br />
<br />
copper<br />
<br />
copy<br />
<br />
cord<br />
<br />
cork<br />
<br />
cotton<br />
<br />
cough<br />
<br />
country<br />
<br />
cover<br />
<br />
cow<br />
<br />
crack<br />
<br />
credit<br />
<br />
crime<br />
<br />
cruel<br />
<br />
crush<br />
<br />
cry<br />
<br />
cup<br />
<br />
current<br />
<br />
curtain<br />
<br />
curve<br />
<br />
cushion<br />
<br />
cut<br />
<br />
damage<br />
<br />
danger<br />
<br />
dark<br />
<br />
daughter<br />
<br />
day<br />
<br />
dead<br />
<br />
dear<br />
<br />
death<br />
<br />
debt<br />
<br />
decision<br />
<br />
deep<br />
<br />
degree<br />
<br />
delicate<br />
<br />
dependent<br />
<br />
design<br />
<br />
desire<br />
<br />
destruction<br />
<br />
detail<br />
<br />
development<br />
<br />
different<br />
<br />
digestion<br />
<br />
direction<br />
<br />
dirty<br />
<br />
discovery<br />
<br />
discussion<br />
<br />
disease<br />
<br />
disgust<br />
<br />
distance<br />
<br />
distribution<br />
<br />
division<br />
<br />
do<br />
<br />
dog<br />
<br />
door<br />
<br />
doubt<br />
<br />
down<br />
<br />
drain<br />
<br />
drawer<br />
<br />
dress<br />
<br />
drink<br />
<br />
driving<br />
<br />
drop<br />
<br />
dry<br />
<br />
dust<br />
<br />
ear<br />
<br />
early<br />
<br />
earth<br />
<br />
east<br />
<br />
edge<br />
<br />
education<br />
<br />
effect<br />
<br />
egg<br />
<br />
elastic<br />
<br />
electric<br />
<br />
end<br />
<br />
engine<br />
<br />
enough<br />
<br />
equal<br />
<br />
error<br />
<br />
even<br />
<br />
event<br />
<br />
ever<br />
<br />
every<br />
<br />
example<br />
<br />
exchange<br />
<br />
existence<br />
<br />
expansion<br />
<br />
experience<br />
<br />
expert<br />
<br />
eye<br />
<br />
face<br />
<br />
fact<br />
<br />
fall<br />
<br />
false<br />
<br />
family<br />
<br />
far<br />
<br />
farm<br />
<br />
fat<br />
<br />
father<br />
<br />
fear<br />
<br />
feather<br />
<br />
feeble<br />
<br />
feeling<br />
<br />
female<br />
<br />
fertile<br />
<br />
fiction<br />
<br />
field<br />
<br />
fight<br />
<br />
finger<br />
<br />
fire<br />
<br />
first<br />
<br />
fish<br />
<br />
fixed<br />
<br />
flag<br />
<br />
flame<br />
<br />
flat<br />
<br />
flight<br />
<br />
floor<br />
<br />
flower<br />
<br />
fly<br />
<br />
fold<br />
<br />
food<br />
<br />
foolish<br />
<br />
foot<br />
<br />
for<br />
<br />
force<br />
<br />
fork<br />
<br />
form<br />
<br />
forward<br />
<br />
fowl<br />
<br />
frame<br />
<br />
free<br />
<br />
frequent<br />
<br />
friend<br />
<br />
from<br />
<br />
front<br />
<br />
fruit<br />
<br />
full<br />
<br />
future<br />
<br />
garden<br />
<br />
general<br />
<br />
get<br />
<br />
girl<br />
<br />
give<br />
<br />
glass<br />
<br />
glove<br />
<br />
go<br />
<br />
goat<br />
<br />
gold<br />
<br />
good<br />
<br />
government<br />
<br />
grain<br />
<br />
grass<br />
<br />
gray<br />
<br />
great<br />
<br />
green<br />
<br />
grey<br />
<br />
grip<br />
<br />
group<br />
<br />
growth<br />
<br />
guide<br />
<br />
gun<br />
<br />
hair<br />
<br />
hammer<br />
<br />
hand<br />
<br />
hanging<br />
<br />
happy<br />
<br />
harbor<br />
<br />
hard<br />
<br />
harmony<br />
<br />
hat<br />
<br />
hate<br />
<br />
have<br />
<br />
he<br />
<br />
head<br />
<br />
healthy<br />
<br />
hearing<br />
<br />
heart<br />
<br />
heat<br />
<br />
help<br />
<br />
here<br />
<br />
high<br />
<br />
history<br />
<br />
hole<br />
<br />
hollow<br />
<br />
hook<br />
<br />
hope<br />
<br />
horn<br />
<br />
horse<br />
<br />
hospital<br />
<br />
hour<br />
<br />
house<br />
<br />
how<br />
<br />
humor<br />
<br />
ice<br />
<br />
idea<br />
<br />
if<br />
<br />
ill<br />
<br />
important<br />
<br />
impulse<br />
<br />
in<br />
<br />
increase<br />
<br />
industry<br />
<br />
ink<br />
<br />
insect<br />
<br />
instrument<br />
<br />
insurance<br />
<br />
interest<br />
<br />
invention<br />
<br />
iron<br />
<br />
island<br />
<br />
jelly<br />
<br />
jewel<br />
<br />
join<br />
<br />
journey<br />
<br />
judge<br />
<br />
jump<br />
<br />
keep<br />
<br />
kettle<br />
<br />
key<br />
<br />
kick<br />
<br />
kind<br />
<br />
kiss<br />
<br />
knee<br />
<br />
knife<br />
<br />
knot<br />
<br />
knowledge<br />
<br />
land<br />
<br />
language<br />
<br />
last<br />
<br />
late<br />
<br />
laugh<br />
<br />
law<br />
<br />
lead<br />
<br />
leaf<br />
<br />
learning<br />
<br />
least<br />
<br />
leather<br />
<br />
left<br />
<br />
leg<br />
<br />
less<br />
<br />
let<br />
<br />
letter<br />
<br />
level<br />
<br />
library<br />
<br />
lift<br />
<br />
light<br />
<br />
like<br />
<br />
limit<br />
<br />
line<br />
<br />
linen<br />
<br />
lip<br />
<br />
liquid<br />
<br />
list<br />
<br />
little<br />
<br />
living<br />
<br />
lock<br />
<br />
long<br />
<br />
loose<br />
<br />
loss<br />
<br />
loud<br />
<br />
love<br />
<br />
low<br />
<br />
machine<br />
<br />
make<br />
<br />
male<br />
<br />
man<br />
<br />
manager<br />
<br />
map<br />
<br />
mark<br />
<br />
market<br />
<br />
married<br />
<br />
mass<br />
<br />
match<br />
<br />
material<br />
<br />
may<br />
<br />
meal<br />
<br />
measure<br />
<br />
meat<br />
<br />
medical<br />
<br />
meeting<br />
<br />
memory<br />
<br />
metal<br />
<br />
middle<br />
<br />
military<br />
<br />
milk<br />
<br />
mind<br />
<br />
mine<br />
<br />
minute<br />
<br />
mist<br />
<br />
mixed<br />
<br />
money<br />
<br />
monkey<br />
<br />
month<br />
<br />
moon<br />
<br />
more<br />
<br />
morning<br />
<br />
most<br />
<br />
mother<br />
<br />
motion<br />
<br />
mountain<br />
<br />
mouth<br />
<br />
move<br />
<br />
much<br />
<br />
muscle<br />
<br />
music<br />
<br />
nail<br />
<br />
name<br />
<br />
narrow<br />
<br />
nation<br />
<br />
natural<br />
<br />
near<br />
<br />
necessary<br />
<br />
neck<br />
<br />
need<br />
<br />
needle<br />
<br />
nerve<br />
<br />
net<br />
<br />
new<br />
<br />
news<br />
<br />
night<br />
<br />
no<br />
<br />
noise<br />
<br />
normal<br />
<br />
north<br />
<br />
nose<br />
<br />
not<br />
<br />
note<br />
<br />
now<br />
<br />
number<br />
<br />
nut<br />
<br />
observation<br />
<br />
of<br />
<br />
off<br />
<br />
offer<br />
<br />
office<br />
<br />
oil<br />
<br />
old<br />
<br />
on<br />
<br />
only<br />
<br />
open<br />
<br />
operation<br />
<br />
opinion<br />
<br />
opposite<br />
<br />
or<br />
<br />
orange<br />
<br />
order<br />
<br />
organization<br />
<br />
ornament<br />
<br />
other<br />
<br />
out<br />
<br />
oven<br />
<br />
over<br />
<br />
owner.<br />
<br />
page<br />
<br />
pain<br />
<br />
paint<br />
<br />
paper<br />
<br />
parallel<br />
<br />
parcel<br />
<br />
part<br />
<br />
past<br />
<br />
paste<br />
<br />
payment<br />
<br />
peace<br />
<br />
pen<br />
<br />
pencil<br />
<br />
person<br />
<br />
physical<br />
<br />
picture<br />
<br />
pig<br />
<br />
pin<br />
<br />
pipe<br />
<br />
place<br />
<br />
plane<br />
<br />
plant<br />
<br />
plate<br />
<br />
play<br />
<br />
please<br />
<br />
pleasure<br />
<br />
plough<br />
<br />
plow<br />
<br />
pocket<br />
<br />
point<br />
<br />
poison<br />
<br />
polish<br />
<br />
political<br />
<br />
poor<br />
<br />
porter<br />
<br />
position<br />
<br />
possible<br />
<br />
pot<br />
<br />
potato<br />
<br />
powder<br />
<br />
power<br />
<br />
present<br />
<br />
price<br />
<br />
print<br />
<br />
prison<br />
<br />
private<br />
<br />
probable<br />
<br />
process<br />
<br />
produce<br />
<br />
profit<br />
<br />
property<br />
<br />
prose<br />
<br />
protest<br />
<br />
public<br />
<br />
pull<br />
<br />
pump<br />
<br />
punishment<br />
<br />
purpose<br />
<br />
push<br />
<br />
put<br />
<br />
quality<br />
<br />
question<br />
<br />
quick<br />
<br />
quiet<br />
<br />
quite<br />
<br />
rail<br />
<br />
rain<br />
<br />
range<br />
<br />
rat<br />
<br />
rate<br />
<br />
ray<br />
<br />
reaction<br />
<br />
reading<br />
<br />
ready<br />
<br />
reason<br />
<br />
receipt<br />
<br />
record<br />
<br />
red<br />
<br />
regret<br />
<br />
regular<br />
<br />
relation<br />
<br />
religion<br />
<br />
representative<br />
<br />
request<br />
<br />
respect<br />
<br />
responsible<br />
<br />
rest<br />
<br />
reward<br />
<br />
rhythm<br />
<br />
rice<br />
<br />
right<br />
<br />
ring<br />
<br />
river<br />
<br />
road<br />
<br />
rod<br />
<br />
roll<br />
<br />
roof<br />
<br />
room<br />
<br />
root<br />
<br />
rough<br />
<br />
round<br />
<br />
rub<br />
<br />
rule<br />
<br />
run<br />
<br />
sad<br />
<br />
safe<br />
<br />
sail<br />
<br />
salt<br />
<br />
same<br />
<br />
sand<br />
<br />
say<br />
<br />
scale<br />
<br />
school<br />
<br />
science<br />
<br />
scissors<br />
<br />
screw<br />
<br />
sea<br />
<br />
seat<br />
<br />
second<br />
<br />
secret<br />
<br />
secretary<br />
<br />
see<br />
<br />
seed<br />
<br />
seem<br />
<br />
selection<br />
<br />
self<br />
<br />
send<br />
<br />
sense<br />
<br />
separate<br />
<br />
serious<br />
<br />
servant<br />
<br />
sex<br />
<br />
shade<br />
<br />
shake<br />
<br />
shame<br />
<br />
sharp<br />
<br />
sheep<br />
<br />
shelf<br />
<br />
ship<br />
<br />
shirt<br />
<br />
shock<br />
<br />
shoe<br />
<br />
short<br />
<br />
shut<br />
<br />
side<br />
<br />
sign<br />
<br />
silk<br />
<br />
silver<br />
<br />
simple<br />
<br />
sister<br />
<br />
size<br />
<br />
skin<br />
<br />
skirt<br />
<br />
sky<br />
<br />
sleep<br />
<br />
slip<br />
<br />
slope<br />
<br />
slow<br />
<br />
small<br />
<br />
smash<br />
<br />
smell<br />
<br />
smile<br />
<br />
smoke<br />
<br />
smooth<br />
<br />
snake<br />
<br />
sneeze<br />
<br />
snow<br />
<br />
so<br />
<br />
soap<br />
<br />
society<br />
<br />
sock<br />
<br />
soft<br />
<br />
solid<br />
<br />
some<br />
<br />
son<br />
<br />
song<br />
<br />
sort<br />
<br />
sound<br />
<br />
soup<br />
<br />
south<br />
<br />
space<br />
<br />
spade<br />
<br />
special<br />
<br />
sponge<br />
<br />
spoon<br />
<br />
spring<br />
<br />
square<br />
<br />
stage<br />
<br />
stamp<br />
<br />
star<br />
<br />
start<br />
<br />
statement<br />
<br />
station<br />
<br />
steam<br />
<br />
steel<br />
<br />
stem<br />
<br />
step<br />
<br />
stick<br />
<br />
sticky<br />
<br />
stiff<br />
<br />
still<br />
<br />
stitch<br />
<br />
stocking<br />
<br />
stomach<br />
<br />
stone<br />
<br />
stop<br />
<br />
store<br />
<br />
story<br />
<br />
straight<br />
<br />
strange<br />
<br />
street<br />
<br />
stretch<br />
<br />
strong<br />
<br />
structure<br />
<br />
substance<br />
<br />
such<br />
<br />
sudden<br />
<br />
sugar<br />
<br />
suggestion<br />
<br />
summer<br />
<br />
sun<br />
<br />
support<br />
<br />
surprise<br />
<br />
sweet<br />
<br />
swim<br />
<br />
system<br />
<br />
table<br />
<br />
tail<br />
<br />
take<br />
<br />
talk<br />
<br />
tall<br />
<br />
taste<br />
<br />
tax<br />
<br />
teaching<br />
<br />
tendency<br />
<br />
test<br />
<br />
than<br />
<br />
that<br />
<br />
the<br />
<br />
then<br />
<br />
theory<br />
<br />
there<br />
<br />
thick<br />
<br />
thin<br />
<br />
thing<br />
<br />
this<br />
<br />
though<br />
<br />
thought<br />
<br />
thread<br />
<br />
throat<br />
<br />
through<br />
<br />
thumb<br />
<br />
thunder<br />
<br />
ticket<br />
<br />
tight<br />
<br />
till<br />
<br />
time<br />
<br />
tin<br />
<br />
tired<br />
<br />
to<br />
<br />
toe<br />
<br />
together<br />
<br />
tomorrow<br />
<br />
tongue<br />
<br />
tooth<br />
<br />
top<br />
<br />
touch<br />
<br />
town<br />
<br />
trade<br />
<br />
train<br />
<br />
transport<br />
<br />
tray<br />
<br />
tree<br />
<br />
trick<br />
<br />
trouble<br />
<br />
trousers<br />
<br />
true<br />
<br />
turn<br />
<br />
twist<br />
<br />
umbrella<br />
<br />
under<br />
<br />
unit<br />
<br />
up<br />
<br />
use<br />
<br />
value<br />
<br />
verse<br />
<br />
very<br />
<br />
vessel<br />
<br />
view<br />
<br />
violent<br />
<br />
voice<br />
<br />
waiting<br />
<br />
walk<br />
<br />
wall<br />
<br />
war<br />
<br />
warm<br />
<br />
wash<br />
<br />
waste<br />
<br />
watch<br />
<br />
water<br />
<br />
wave<br />
<br />
wax<br />
<br />
way<br />
<br />
weather<br />
<br />
week<br />
<br />
weight<br />
<br />
well<br />
<br />
west<br />
<br />
wet<br />
<br />
wheel<br />
<br />
when<br />
<br />
where<br />
<br />
while<br />
<br />
whip<br />
<br />
whistle<br />
<br />
white<br />
<br />
who<br />
<br />
why<br />
<br />
wide<br />
<br />
will<br />
<br />
wind<br />
<br />
window<br />
<br />
wine<br />
<br />
wing<br />
<br />
winter<br />
<br />
wire<br />
<br />
wise<br />
<br />
with<br />
<br />
woman<br />
<br />
wood<br />
<br />
wool<br />
<br />
word<br />
<br />
work<br />
<br />
worm<br />
<br />
wound<br />
<br />
writing<br />
<br />
wrong<br />
<br />
year<br />
<br />
yellow<br />
<br />
yes<br />
<br />
yesterday 昨日<br />
<br />
you あなた あなたがた 君 君達 お宅 其方 お前 お前ら 手前 御身 己 己等 貴様<br />
<br />
young 若い 若々しい 年若い 幼い 若者 青年 子供 [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/researchpaper.html Research Paper Help]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Entries_Under_Development&diff=502Entries Under Development2011-05-08T07:52:05Z<p>Bono: /* Verb POS being added the "exp" entries */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Introduction==<br />
<br />
This page is for general use to place words/phrases which are in the process of being turned into full dictionary entries. Other people can contribute to readings, meanings, etc., and eventually the material can be placed in JMdict/EDICT.<br />
<br />
Possibly useful links:<br />
* the [http://edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edform.py?svc=jmdict&q=1 New Entry] page in JMdictDB. This can be used once the entry is complete enough to go in the dictionary.<br />
* the [http://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Talk:Tanaka_Corpus#.27New.27_words_in_the_Tanaka_Corpus New Words] page prepared by Paul Blay, containing words phrases from the Tanaka Corpus that are not yet in Jmdict/EDICT.<br />
<br />
==The Work in Progress==<br />
<br />
<br />
== 遅ばせながら and 遅らばせながら (variants of 遅ればせながら) ==<br />
<br />
The first variant showed up in an e-mail message, and this made me look for it via Google, since no dictionary carries it. It seems to be rather common (abt. 38,000 hits), and i even found a not uncommon second variant (abt. 19,000 hits). I don't know how to merge this information appropriately with the existing JEDIC entry for 遅ればせながら, since i actually don't know the sound (reading) of the first variant and (obviously) find the pronunciation of the second variant at odds with the dictionary entry. (^^)<br />
<br />
: My guess is 遅ばせながら is simply a case of people thinking the れ could be absorbed into the kanji (遅). I'll add it to the 遅ればせながら entry as a variant. I suspect 遅らばせながら is a not-uncommon typo; I'll add it as a comment.<br />
<br />
: BTW, when you put the 遅ればせながら entry in in 2008, you put おそればせながら as the reading. Are you sure of it? The ルミナス和英辞典 says it's おくればせながら, as does the プログレッシブ和英中辞典 at Yahoo. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 03:06, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 05:20, 27 January 2009 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== 捕まる ==<br />
<br />
A note: entering つかまる into "Word Search" brings up two entries that are identical except for a kanji being displayed as image in one of them<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 12:30, 17 December 2008 (UTC)<br />
<br />
: This is because entries with non-JIS208 kanji are quarantined in a separate file. When we get to the new system, they can be merged. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 02:03, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
:: They have now been merged! [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 01:33, 30 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== デラシネ的 ==<br />
<br />
Read, in an e-mail message, this sentence: わたくし自身デラシネ的です。<br />
<br />
大辞泉 defines デラシネ as 根無し草。転じて、故郷や祖国から切り離された人<br />
<br />
大辞林 defines it as 根なし草の意故郷を喪失した人<br />
<br />
No problem with the meaning, but i dont' know the real-world connotations, in the (a) Japanese way of looking at this. Thus, i wonder which English expressions (i.e., any or all of the following) would fit? I can see a span from "rootless", "uprooted" , or "exiled" to "multicultural", "unfettered", or "free spirit".<br />
<br />
: Or all of the above. Without knowing the context, I'd go for "rootless". [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 02:52, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 23:20, 8 October 2008 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== 痛 and びびり ==<br />
<br />
Here is a text: 抜歯、響きが痛そう。落ち着き大事ですね。整形に行ったときに医者が医学書を開いたときはマジビビりました。<br />
<br />
Plugging this into "Translate Words" gets the following (excerpt only shown):<br />
<br />
抜歯、響きが痛そう。<br />
<br />
* 痛 【いた】 (int) ouch; ow; ED<br />
<br />
整形に行ったときに医者が医学書を開いたときはマジビビりました。<br />
<br />
* びびり (n) chatter mark (machine tools); ED<br />
<br />
Now i have some questions that come out of the results shown above.<br />
<br />
1) 痛そう contains the stem 痛, which means "painful", whereby 痛い is the adjectival form, 痛く the adverbial form, and 痛そう the, for lack of a better term, appearance form. why does the glossary give us only "痛 【いた】 (int) ouch; ow; ED"? I think it would be helpful if all all adjectives were recognized by their stem... how should one handle this interms of amending existing glosses or adding hlosses?<br />
<br />
: 痛そう and the like should be handled. I have added そう to the possible inflections of い-adjectives, and now 痛そう gets:<br />
<br />
** Possible inflected verb or adjective: (adj., -seems)<br />
** 痛い 【いたい】 (adj-i) (1) painful; sore; (adj-i,suf) (2) exceeding; (P); EP <br />
<br />
: Tell me about any more. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 02:16, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
2) The gloss for びびり is obviously off the mark here, and a reference to びびる would be most useful. I recall having mentioned some time ago that noun forms of verbs (and verb forms of nouns) :-) would benefit from being crosslinked. In that context, is it OK to add such crosslinks, whenever a situation arises where they don't exist, as amendmends?<br />
<br />
: Yes, feel free to propose amendments like that. As for the gloss for びびり, リーダーズ+プラス has "《機械の》びびり, CHATTER MARK.", so I suspect it's not way off the mark. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 03:13, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 14:12, 20 September 2008 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==Various Words==<br />
<br />
結托 This might be a misprint for 結託. Putting it here for now.<br />
---[[User:Scott|Scott]] 20:23, 8 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
あえか あえか kojien<br />
to be added<br />
--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 20:55, 10 August 2010 (UTC) This was added by Rene on 2010-09-12 01:06:04<br />
<br />
はったい see=麦こがしsee=香煎 gg5 koj daij<br />
gg5 "has powdered roast grafin " as a gloss but grafin does not seem to be a valid English word.<br />
--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 18:48, 11 August 2010 (UTC) Added (this was in daijisen, daijirin and nikkoku)<br />
<br />
有吻類 koj to be added--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 02:52, 16 August 2010 (UTC) (has been added to edict)<br />
: リーダーズ+プラス has : snout beetle 【昆】 有吻[具吻]類甲虫の総称《ゾウムシ (weevil) など》. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 06:59, 16 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
剰す あます not found in dictionary --[[User:Scott|Scott]] 03:04, 16 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
串戯 not found in dictionary aozora: 御串戯 ごじょうだん one website has 串戯 かんぎ 1. 人を笑わせるために行う歌舞。おどけ。 2. 俳優 but I can't figure out where it's from--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 07:23, 8 September 2010 (UTC) Turns out this was an alternate way of writing 冗談. It's in the nikkoku.<br />
<br />
岩面 is a word I came across. It plainly means "rock face" (many WWW images). What's the reading? がんめん? [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 03:35, 14 October 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
平ぺったい ひらぺったい can't find this one, probably means flat --[[User:Scott|Scott]] 20:03, 30 October 2010 (UTC)<br />
:It's 平べったい. Already an entry [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 03:54, 22 November 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
無茶振る to behave in a reckless manner, and other meanings (see http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2016772 / http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1025593725), related to 無茶振り (http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%8C%B6%E6%8C%AF%E3%82%8A)--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 17:40, 26 December 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==〜の背中は既に見えている==<br />
On Thu Apr 29 18:56:40 2010 Hendrik submitted:<br />
〜の背中は既に見えている 〜のせなかはすでにみえている exp catching up with ...<br />
<br />
Sample (from a text about LED lighting and how it has been improving):<br />
ここにきて総合効率で80lm/W以上という製品も珍しくなくなってきた。総合効率が100lm/W弱とされる高効率の高周波点灯(HF)型の蛍光灯にはまだ及ばないものの,蛍光灯の背中は既に見えている。(My friend ここにきて is showing up yet again here, and in this case i have tentatively marked it as "since recently", but i will let that go for the moment...)<br />
<br />
1) on the web (representing parts of the very text i am working on):<br />
http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/FEATURE/20100224/180569/ and two other Googits of sites quoting the above<br />
<br />
Here is an example of an "uncertain" entry: it is not in the dictionaries i have access to, there is only limited evidence that it exists - but it "smells" like it should be in a comprehensive dictionary. ;-)<br />
<br />
2) All the elements of this EXP are known separately, and some may perhaps argue that NES reading "being able to see the back of..." in certain contexts should know that it means "catching up with..." (or, perhaps even "set to overtake ... before long") - but methinks such an EXP as this is valuable at least for the non-NES using JEDIC, if not for _some_ NES... ;-) I also suspect that this EXP is far more typical for what NJS actually say than the 1 original Googit we have for it...<br />
<br />
I (Jim) added it as an entry, but other editors are now suggesting deletion. I'm moving this here for discussion.[[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 23:29, 4 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
:I agree that it's a catchy phrase, and the meaning might not be obvious to some, but I just don't think the usage is high enough to warrant keeping it. If kept, I don't think it should have the の in front. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 06:25, 6 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==より==<br />
Our existing entry, which needs work, I agree [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 06:19, 6 August 2010 (UTC):<br />
<pre>[1][adv,prt]<br />
from; out of; since; at<br />
[2][adv,prt]<br />
than<br />
[3][adv,prt]<br />
other than; except; but<br />
[4][adv,prt]<br />
more<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==Expressions Possibly Needing Revised POSs==<br />
<br />
This is a list of entries identified by Ben Bullock as having suspect PoS tags. I (Jim Breen) think many need to be retagged as expressions.<br />
<br />
:I've gone through all of them and modified the ones I think need to be changed, and recommended a handful for deletion. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 03:35, 8 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:: Thanks. I'll delete the list now. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 10:08, 13 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Verb POS being added the "exp" entries ==<br />
<br />
We have a batch updater to add verb POS tags to "exp" entries. The list of additions has been prepared by Jean-Luc Léger. Paul Blay noticed that some on JL's list are also marked "id" (idiomatic) and really need checking before they go in. I have pulled them off the list for now, and placed them below. If anyone wants to indicate which ones are OK to have POS markers, i.e. can be seen occurring in inflected forms, please add an "OK" to them.[[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 11:01, 13 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The remaining entries I have put on [[verbpos | another page]] in batches. Feel free to comment on which ones should NOT have POS tags as well.<br />
<br />
2416850 管の穴から天を覗く v5k<br />
2418930 断じて行えば鬼神も之を避く v5k<br />
2418010 焼け棒杭に火が付く v5k<br />
2451240 想像が付く v5k<br />
2068870 閑古鳥が鳴く v5k<br />
2418940 男鰥に蛆が湧く v5k<br />
2417090 群羊を駆って猛虎を攻む v5m<br />
2419790 無理が通れば道理が引っ込む v5m<br />
2417000 金が子を生む v5m<br />
2417970 小の虫を殺して大の虫を生かす v5s<br />
1213500 甘言は偶人を喜ばす v5s<br />
2141210 網呑舟の魚を漏らす v5s<br />
2108430 入るを量りて出ずるを為す v5s<br />
2417990 小人閑居して不善を為す v5s<br />
1470130 能ある鷹は爪を隠す v5s<br />
2397070 噂をすれば影が射す v5s<br />
2419300 入るを計りて出ずるを制す v5s<br />
2418670 先んずれば人を制す v5s<br />
2419160 桃李物言わざれども下自ら蹊を成す v5s<br />
2417910 女の一念岩をも通す v5s<br />
2417640 思う念力岩をも徹す v5s<br />
2095220 群盲象を評す v5s<br />
2417080 君子豹変す v5s<br />
2420120 歴史は繰り返す v5s<br />
2417790 車軸を流す v5s<br />
1433890 爪で拾って箕で零す v5s<br />
2418180 親は無くても子は育つ v5t<br />
2418090 寝る子は育つ v5t<br />
2419890 目処が立つ v5t<br />
2420060 竜虎相搏つ v5t<br />
2419010 忠言耳に逆らう v5u<br />
2417030 金を貸せば友を失う v5u<br />
2417330 功罪相償う v5u<br />
2420030 来年の事を言うと鬼が笑う v5u<br />
2419840 明日の事を言えば鬼が笑う v5u<br />
2417510 最後に笑う者が最もよく笑う v5u<br />
2418460 粋が身を食う v5u<br />
2418160 親の因果が子に報う v5u<br />
2416830 我が身を抓って人の痛さを知る v5r<br />
2127610 足るを知る v5r<br />
2419520 病んで後初めて健康の価値を知る v5r<br />
2525070 サクラ散る v5r<br />
1970560 悪事千里を走る v5r<br />
2418820 損して得取る v5r<br />
2417160 健全なる精神は健全なる身体に宿る v5r<br />
2418520 正直の頭に神宿る v5r<br />
2417240 古い革袋に新しい酒を盛る v5r<br />
2417890 所変われば品変わる v5r<br />
2416640 為る様に為る v5r<br />
2417310 御鉢が回る v5r<br />
2418420 塵も積もれば山と成る v5r<br />
2417850 習い性と成る v5r<br />
2419760 万感胸に迫る v5r<br />
2418770 憎まれっ子世に憚る v5r<br />
2417920 女の髪の毛には大象も繋がる v5r<br />
2417190 見る人は見ている v1<br />
2419140 刀折れ矢尽きる v1<br />
2417570 山が見える v1<br />
2417660 死んだ子の年を数える v1<br />
2419800 名の無い星は宵から出る v1<br />
2419330 熱りが冷める v1<br />
2419470 庇を貸して母屋を取られる v1<br />
2417520 才子才に溺れる v1<br />
2417550 策士策に溺れる v1<br />
2418120 新しい酒は古い革袋に入れる v1<br />
2417360 喉元過ぎれば熱さを忘れる v1<br />
2418040 上手の手から水が漏れる v1<br />
2416900 急いては事を仕損ずる vz<br />
2416901 [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/termpaper.html Term Paper Help]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Tanaka_Corpus&diff=501Tanaka Corpus2011-05-08T07:51:22Z<p>Bono: /* Current Format (WWWJDIC) */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Introduction=<br />
This page provides some brief documentation for the Tanaka Corpus of parallel Japanese-English sentences, and in particular the modification and editing that has been carried out to enable use of the corpus as a source of examples in the WWWJDIC dictionary server and other systems.<br />
<br />
The corpus was compiled by Professor Yasuhito Tanaka at Hyogo University and his students, as described in his [http://www.edrdg.org/projects/tanaka/tanaka.pdf Pacling2001] paper. At Pacling2001 Professor Tanaka released copies of the corpus, and stated that it is in the public domain. According to Professor Christian Boitet, Professor Tanaka did not think the collection was of a very good standard. (Sadly, Prof. Tanaka died in early 2003.)<br />
<br />
At the 2002 Papillon workshop in Tokyo, Professor Boitet included a copy of the corpus in a CD, distributed to participants, and suggested that it may serve as examples in a dictionary. Jim Breen realised it had the potential to be a source of example sentences in the WWWJDIC server. He edited, reformatted and indexed the corpus and linked it at the word level to the dictionary function in the server. (see below) <br />
<br />
The inclusion of the Corpus in the WWWJDIC server exposed it to a wide audience, and a number of other systems incorporated the corpus into their operation. It also began to be used in some research projects in natural language processing.<br />
<br />
In 2006 the Corpus was incorporated into the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project] being developed by Trang Ho to provide a sentence-based multi-lingual resource. That project is now the "home" of the Corpus.<br />
<br />
=Compilation=<br />
Professor Tanaka's students were given the task of collecting 300 sentence pairs each. After several years, 212,000 sentence pairs had been collected.<br />
<br />
From inspection, it appears that many of the sentence pairs have been derived from textbooks, e.g. books used by Japanese students of English. Some are lines of songs, others are from popular books and Biblical passages.<br />
<br />
The original collection contained large numbers of errors, both in the Japanese and English. Many of the errors were in spelling and transcription, although in a significant number of cases the Japanese and English contained grammatical, syntactic, etc. errors, or the translations did not match at all.<br />
<br />
The original file can still be downloaded (see below.)<br />
=Initial Modifications to the Corpus=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus was edited and adapted to be used within the [http://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1C WWWJDIC] dictionary server as a set of example sentences associated with words in the dictionary. In order to adapt the corpus for this role, it was edited as follows:<br />
# an initial regularization of the punctuation of the Japanese and English sentences was carried out, then duplicate pairs were removed, reducing the original file from 210,000 pairs to 180,000 pairs;<br />
# sentences which differed only by differences in orthography (e.g. kana/kanji usage, okurigana differences), numbers, proper names, minor grammatical points such as plain/polite verb usage, etc. were reduced to single representative examples;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese consisted of a short Japanese statement in kana were removed;<br />
# sentences with spelling errors, kana-kanji conversion errors, etc. were corrected;<br />
# sentences where the English version did not match the Japanese were edited to make the two versions agree;<br />
# where the sentences contain gender-specific language or words, the English portion has been tagged with [M] or [F] respectively;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese was too garbled to derive a valid English equivalent were removed.<br />
<br />
The process described above has continued, and at present the edited corpus has just over 150,000 sentence pairs.<br />
=Incorporation into the WWWJDIC Server=<br />
(The initial incorporation of the Tanaka Corpus in the WWWJDIC server is described in a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/papillon/dicexamples.html paper] presented to the 2003 [http://www.papillon-dictionary.org/papillon/Home.po Papillon workshop].)<br />
In order to facilitate the linking of sentences in the Corpus to words in the online dictionary, a list of Japanese words and phrases was extracted from each sentence. This was carried out using the Chasen morphological analysis program. Compound words which had dictionary entries were recombined as necessary. At present about 27,000 unique Japanese words and phrases are indexed.<br />
<br />
The list of words associated with each sentence is used by the WWWJDIC server to select examples of the usage of the words. In addition, users of the WWWJDIC server can search the Corpus using text strings in Japanese and/or English, and using regular expressions. Via WWWJDIC users could also submit corrections to sentences via a WWW feedback form. Several thousand corrections were submitted this way.<br />
<br />
More information on the WWWJDIC use of the corpus is in the [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdicinf.html#examp_tag documentation].<br />
<br />
To see an example of the sentence linking, [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1Q%C2%E7%B3%D8%C0%B8_1_ here] is the sentence display for 大学生. There is also a function for [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?10 browsing] the sentences.<br />
=Current Format (WWWJDIC)=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus is now being maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. The Japanese-English pairs are extracted weekly and formatted for use by WWWJDIC in the format below.<br />
The file is in text format, with the Japanese in EUC-JP coding (UTF-8 encoding is also available) [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/writemyessay.html Write My Essay].<br />
<br />
The format is as follows:<br />
# the file consists of pairs of lines, beginning with "A: " and "B: " respectively. There may also be comment lines which begin with a "#". <br />
# the "A:" lines contain the Japanese sentence and the English translation, separated by a TAB character. At the end of the English translation is a pair of sequence numbers in the format: #ID=nnnnnn_mmmmmm which identify the English and Japanese sentence pair in the Tatoteba Project;<br />
# the "B:" lines contain a space-delimited list of Japanese words found in the preceding sentence. <br />
# the Japanese words in the "B:" lines can have the following appended:<br />
## a reading in hiragana. This is to resolve cases where the word can be read different ways. WWWJDIC uses this to ensure that only the appropriate sentences are linked. The reading is in "round" parentheses.<br />
## a sense number. This occurs when the word has multiple senses in the EDICT file, and indicates which sense applies in the sentence. WWWJDIC displays these numbers. The sense number is in "square" parentheses.<br />
## the form in which the word appears in the sentence. This will differ from the indexing word if it has been inflected, for example. This field is in "curly" parentheses.<br />
## a "~" character to indicate that the sentence pair is a good and checked example of the usage of the word. Words are marked to enable appropriate sentences to be selected by dictionary software. Typically only one instance per sense of a word will be marked.The WWWJDIC server displays these sentences below the display of the related dictionary entry.<br />
The following example pair illustrates the format:<br />
<br />
A: その家はかなりぼろ屋になっている。[TAB]The house is quite run down.#ID=25507<br />
<br />
B: 其の{その} 家(いえ)[1] は 可也{かなり} ぼろ屋[1]~ になる[1]{になっている}<br />
<br />
=Subset=<br />
An automatically-generated subset of the edited corpus is also available. The subset contains those sentences with one or more words marked with a "~" (see above.)<br />
=Tatoeba Project=<br />
The Corpus is now maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. This project has extended the file to include many other languages, and many sentences are available in three or more languages. The project WWW site has extensive facilities for searching and editing the sentences, and has an active community of people entering and editing sentences.<br />
=Copyright Issues=<br />
Professor Tanaka originally placed the Corpus in the Public Domain, and that status was maintained for the versions used by WWWJDIC. In late 2009 the Tatoeba Project decided to move it to a Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/fr/deed.en_GB CC-BY] licence (that project is in France, where the concept of public domain is not part of the legal framework.) It can be freely downloaded and used provided the source is attributed.<br />
=Downloads=<br />
<br />
The current edited version used in the WWWJDIC server can be downloaded from:<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.gz complete version] (EUC-JP).<br />
This is the file being used by the Monash WWWJDIC server. Each time it is updated a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_date date-stamp] is set;<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.utf.gz complete version] (UTF-8)<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_s.gz subset] (in EUC-JP).<br />
<br />
In addition the last [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/examples_pd.gz Public Domain version] (Oct 2008) is available.<br />
<br />
Downloads can also be made from the [http://tatoeba.org/eng/pages/download-tatoeba-example-sentences Tatoeba database].<br />
<br />
The original file is available in [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_utf8.gz UTF8 coding] or [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_euc.gz EUC-JP coding]. Please note that these versions are only provided for historical interest. '''DO NOT''' use them in projects, as they are full of errors.<br />
<br />
=Credits=<br />
Many people have played a significant role in making the Tanaka Corpus available and useful:<br />
* Christian Boitet, who alerted Jim Breen to its existence;<br />
* Paul Blay, who for several years maintained and extended the Corpus, and did extensive work on the indices;<br />
* Trang Ho and her team of collaborators, who made a home for the WWWJDIC indices in the Tatoeba Project, and has greatly enhanced the Corpus;<br />
* Francis Bond, who has been a recent contributor and user of the Corpus for NLP research.<br />
<br />
=Warning/Disclaimer=<br />
The Corpus is a useful and interesting collection of matched Japanese and English sentence pairs, however it cannot be regarded as containing natural or representative examples of text in either language. This is because of the way it was originally compiled and the artificial nature of the sources. Also it still contains a large number of errors and repetitions. It certainly should not be used for any statistical analyses of the text.<br />
While the Corpus appears to be adequate and useful as a source of examples of word usage, the user is advised to be cautious and critical. The following points should be considered:<br />
# the sentences were typed in by students in order to meet a work requirement. Initially there were many mistakes both in the Japanese and English. While many have been corrected some still remain.<br />
# some clearly contain translations into Japanese of English sentences, and often do not represent the most natural way things are said in Japanese (overuse of pronouns, etc.).<br />
# others contain English translations which are very literal translations of the Japanese, and perhaps came from simple machine translation systems.<br />
# it should be noted that many of the sentences are of the kinds found in older "study for entrance exam books", and thus are likely to have contrived examples of grammar usage or slightly archaic English examples passed down from generation to generation by (Japanese) English teachers. They are not examples of normally-used modern English, and should not always be regarded as suitable for English study.<br />
# please DO NOT use the original file without exercising considerable caution. It contains thousands of errors and duplications in both the Japanese and English sentences. If any project wants to use the Tanaka material, it is STRONGLY recommended that the updated file is used.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=500JMdictEDICT software2011-05-08T07:50:35Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.customwrittenpaper.com/ Buy Essays Online]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/ dissertation help]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-writing-services/ dissertation writing service]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal/ dissertation proposal]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ buy dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/write-my-dissertation/ write my dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=499JMdictEDICT software2011-05-05T14:32:31Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/ dissertation help]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-writing-services/ dissertation writing service]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal/ dissertation proposal]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/buy-dissertation/ buy dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.dissertationmojo.co.uk/write-my-dissertation/ write my dissertation]<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=481JMdictEDICT software2011-04-24T09:27:24Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/ essay help]<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.customwritinghelp.co.uk/assignment.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-help.php assignment help]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-writing.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Writing UK]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Writing Service]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/Essay-writing.php/ Essay Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/Essay-writing.php/ Essay Writing Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing Service]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing Service UK]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/ Custom Essays]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal.php/ Dissertation Proposal]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/bespoke-essay.php/ Bespoke Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/write-my-essay.php/ Write My Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/business-essay.php/ Business Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/management-essay.php/ Management Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ UK Essay Writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ UK Dissertations]<br />
** [http://www.adwebstudio.com/ dubai web design]<br />
** [http://www.adwebstudio.com/dubai-seo.html dubai seo services]<br />
** [http://www.adwebstudio.com/dubai-web-development.html dubai web development]<br />
** [http://www.adwebstudio.com/dubai-hosting-service.html dubai web hosting]<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=WWWJDIC_Messages&diff=480WWWJDIC Messages2011-04-24T07:47:13Z<p>Bono: /* The Messages */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Introduction ==<br />
The following are the messages used by WWWJDIC in its partially implemented Japanese version.<br />
The WWWJDIC server issues a message by invoking the message number, and the text in the selected language is displayed.<br />
<br />
People are welcome to make modifications or to add Japanese translations. Translations to other languages are welcome. I (Jim) will be progressively adding more English messages.<br />
<br />
== The Messages ==<br />
<br />
The following is a copy made on 24 July 2008. The live message file used by the servers is [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwmessages here]. If you you are making changes or additions to this list, please add a comment at the bottom.<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
07 uk [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Custom Dissertation Writing]<br />
08 en Jim Breen's <br />
08 jp ジム・ブリーンの<br />
09 en WWWJDIC<br />
09 jp WWWJDIC辞書<br />
10 en Dictionaries<br />
10 jp 辞書案内<br />
11 en Translate Words<br />
11 jp 単語翻訳<br />
12 en Word Search/Home<br />
12 jp 単語検索/トップ<br />
13 en Kanji Lookup<br />
13 jp 漢字検索<br />
14 en Multi-Radical Kanji<br />
14 jp 部首索引<br />
15 en Example Search<br />
15 jp 例文検索<br />
16 en User Guide<br />
16 jp ユーザーズガイド<br />
17 en Dictionary Codes<br />
17 jp 凡例<br />
18 en Customize<br />
18 jp カスタマイズ<br />
19 en Donations<br />
19 jp 寄付<br />
20 en New Entry/Amendment<br />
20 jp 単語登録、変更<br />
21 en Screen:<br />
21 jp 現在のページ:<br />
22 en Dictionary Search<br />
22 jp 辞書検索<br />
23 en Current Dictionary:<br />
23 jp 現在の辞書:<br />
24 en New Examples<br />
24 jp 新例文<br />
30 en Enter the word (English, Japanese, French, etc.) you wish to find in the selected dictionary file.<br />
30 jp 現在の辞書に引きたい単語(英語、日本語、フランス語など)を入力してください。<br />
32 en Keyword:<br />
32 jp キーワード:<br />
33 en Search using romanized Japanese<br />
33 jp ローマ字で日本語検索<br />
34 en Search<br />
34 jp 検索<br />
35 en Reset<br />
35 jp リセット<br />
36 en Options:<br />
36 jp 設定: <br />
37 en Restrict to common words [EDICT only]<br />
37 jp 高頻度の言葉にする[EDICT限定]<br />
38 en Require exact word-match (English keys)<br />
38 jp 完全一致[英語検索]<br />
39 en Select different dictionary file<br />
39 jp 辞書選択<br />
40 en Limit matching to the start of words (kanji keys only)<br />
40 jp 前方一致検索 [漢字限定]<br />
41 en Hint:<br />
41 jp ※:<br />
42 en a second word (case sensitive) after the keyword will limit the search to entries containing the second word.<br />
42 jp 二つのキーワードを指定して検索しますと両方が入るエントリーに限定します。<br />
43 en for<br />
43 jp 検索: キーワード <br />
44 en Dictionary:<br />
44 jp 辞書:<br />
45 en Starting Kanji<br />
45 jp 前方一致検索<br />
46 en Common words <br />
46 jp 高頻度の言葉<br />
47 en Exact word-match<br />
47 jp 完全一致<br />
48 en Key Type:<br />
48 jp <br />
49 en Text(J/E)<br />
49 jp テキスト(和/英)<br />
50 en Search Key:<br />
50 jp キーワード:<br />
51 en [G]oogle search, <br />
51 jp [G] Google 検索、<br />
52 en [GI] Google images, <br />
52 jp [GI] Google 画像、<br />
53 en [S]anseido dictionary, <br />
53 jp [S] goo辞書:三省堂、<br />
54 en [A]LC dictionary (Eijiro), <br />
54 jp [A] 英辞郎辞書:ALC、<br />
55 en [Ex]ample sentences, <br />
55 jp [Ex] 文章(和英)、<br />
56 en [V]erb conjugations, <br />
56 jp [V] 動詞活用、<br />
57 en Japanese[W]ikipedia.<br />
57 jp [W] ウィキペディア。<br />
58 en Romaji<br />
58 jp ローマ字<br />
59 en [F] Feedback, <br />
59 jp [F] フィードバック、<br />
<br />
The following block are for the 携帯電話 options. Since they are primarily for<br />
use with phones in Japan, and this function cannot be customized, I have set it<br />
totally to Japanese text.<br />
<br />
60 en WWWJDIC トップ<br />
60 jp WWWJDIC トップ<br />
61 en 検索語(日本語)<br />
61 jp 検索語(日本語)<br />
62 en 検索語(英語)<br />
62 jp 検索語(英語)<br />
63 en 完全一致<br />
63 jp 完全一致<br />
64 en 和英<br />
64 jp 和英<br />
65 en 英和<br />
65 jp 英和<br />
66 en 検索結果<br />
66 jp 検索結果<br />
67 en 日本語テキスト<br />
67 jp 日本語テキスト<br />
68 en 言葉翻訳<br />
68 jp 言葉翻訳<br />
69 en 言葉翻訳<br />
69 jp 言葉翻訳<br />
<br />
70 en Text Word Translation - Input<br />
71 en Key or paste Japanese text in the box below.<br />
72 en Begin Translation<br />
73 en hidden translations<br />
74 en select Dictionary<br />
75 en bytes/line:<br />
76 en no single-character matches:<br />
77 en break on end-of-line:<br />
78 en no repeated translations:<br />
80 en force Shift-JIS conversion:<br />
81 en only list translations<br />
82 en Alternatively, enter the URL of a WWW page for a translation of the Japanese words in it:<br />
83 en URL: <br />
84 en retain non-Japanese text:<br />
100 en Match[es]<br />
100 jp 結果数<br />
</pre></div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Dictionary_Codes&diff=479Dictionary Codes2011-04-24T07:46:21Z<p>Bono: /* Language Codes */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Dictionary Codes=<br />
<br />
The dictionary entries contain a number of abbreviations and codes,<br />
mainly to reduce storage usage and display space.<br />
<br />
==Part of Speech==<br />
Updated 2008-04-06.<br />
<br />
<center><br />
<TABLE BORDER><br />
<TR><br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> CODE</B></TD><br />
<TD><B> MEANING</B></TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> abbr </B></TD><br />
<TD>abbreviation</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> adj-i </B></TD><br />
<TD>adjective (keiyoushi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-na</B></TD><br />
<TD>adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-no </B></TD><br />
<TD>nouns which may take the genitive case particle "no"</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> adj-pn</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>pre-noun adjectival (rentaishi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-f</B></TD><br />
<TD>noun, verb, etc. acting prenominally</TD><br />
<TD><B> adj-t</B></TD><br />
<TD>"taru" adjective </TD><br />
<TD><B> adv </B></TD><br />
<TD>adverb (fukushi)</TD><br />
<br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> arch </B></TD><br />
<TD>archaism</TD><br />
<TD><B> aux </B></TD><br />
<TD>auxiliary</TD><br />
<TD><B> aux-v </B></TD><br />
<TD>auxiliary verb</TD><br />
<TD><B> conj</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>conjunction</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> ctr</B></TD><br />
<TD>counter</TD><br />
<TD><B> col </B></TD><br />
<TD>colloquialism </TD><br />
<TD><B> exp</B></TD><br />
<TD>Expressions (phrases, clauses, etc.)</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> fam </B></TD><br />
<TD>familiar language </TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> fem </B></TD><br />
<TD>female term or language</TD><br />
<TD><B> gikun </B></TD><br />
<TD>gikun (meaning) reading</TD><br />
<TD><B> hon </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language </TD><br />
<TD><B> hum </B></TD><br />
<TD>humble (kenjougo) language </TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> id </B></TD><br />
<TD>idiomatic expression </TD><br />
<TD><B> int</B></TD><br />
<TD>interjection (kandoushi)</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> iK </B></TD><br />
<TD>word containing irregular kanji usage</TD><br />
<TD><B> ik </B></TD><br />
<TD>word containing irregular kana usage</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> io</B></TD><br />
<TD>irregular okurigana usage</TD><br />
<TD><B> MA </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>martial arts term</TD><br />
<TD><B> male </B></TD><br />
<TD>male term or language</TD><br />
<TD><B> m-sl </B></TD><br />
<TD>manga slang</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> n</B></TD><br />
<TD>noun (common) (futsuumeishi)</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> n-adv</B></TD><br />
<TD>adverbial noun (fukushitekimeishi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> n-t</B></TD><br />
<TD>noun (temporal) (jisoumeishi)</TD><br />
<TD><B> obs </B></TD><br />
<TD>obsolete term</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> obsc </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>obscure term</TD><br />
<TD><B> oK </B></TD><br />
<TD>word containing out-dated kanji </TD><br />
<TD><B> ok </B></TD><br />
<TD>out-dated or obsolete kana usage</TD><br />
<TD><B> pol </B></TD><br />
<TD>polite (teineigo) language </TD><br />
<br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> prt</B></TD><br />
<TD>particle</TD><br />
<TD><B> pref </B></TD><br />
<TD>prefix </TD><br />
<TD><B> sl </B></TD><br />
<TD>slang</TD><br />
<TD><B> sens </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>term with some sensitivity about its usage</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> suf </B></TD><br />
<TD>suffix </TD><br />
<TD><B> uK </B></TD><br />
<TD>word usually written using kanji alone </TD><br />
<TD><B> uk </B></TD><br />
<TD>word usually written using kana alone </TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> v1</B></TD><br />
<TD>Ichidan verb</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> v5</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb (not completely classified)</TD><br />
<TD><B> v5u, v5k, etc.</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb with `u', `ku', etc. endings</TD><br />
<TD><B> v5k-s</B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>Godan verb - Iku/Yuku special class</TD><br />
<TD><B> v5aru</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb - -aru special class</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> v5uru</B></TD><br />
<TD>Godan verb - Uru old class verb (old form of Eru)</TD><br />
<TD><B> vi </B></TD><br />
<TD>intransitive verb </TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> vs </B></TD><br />
<TD>noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru</TD><br />
<TD><B> vs-s</B></TD><br />
<TD>suru verb - special class</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><B> vk</B></TD><br />
<TD>Kuru verb - special class</TD><br />
<TD><B> vt </B></TD><br />
<br />
<TD>transitive verb</TD><br />
<TD><B> vulg </B></TD><br />
<TD>vulgar expression or word </TD><br />
<TD><B> vz</B></TD><br />
<TD>Ichidan verb - -zuru special class (alternative form of -jiru verbs)</TD><br />
</TR><TR><br />
<TD><b> P</b></TD><br />
<TD>"Priority" entry, i.e. among approx. 20,000 words deemed to be common in Japanese</TD><br />
<br />
<TD><B> X</B></TD><br />
<TD>rude or X-rated term (not displayed in educational software)</TD><br />
<TD><B> -</B></TD><br />
<TD> -</TD><br />
<TD><B> -</B></TD><br />
<TD> -</TD><br />
<br />
</TR></TABLE><br />
</center><br />
<br />
=== ENAMDICT only===<br />
<br />
<center><br />
<table border="1"><br />
<tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b>s<br><br />
</b></td><br />
<td>surname/family-name<br><br />
</td><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold;"> m</td><br />
<td>male given name<br><br />
</td><br />
<td><b>f</b></td><br />
<td>female given name</td><br />
<td><span style="font-weight: bold;">u</span></td><br />
<td> unclassified name</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b>p<br><br />
</b></td><br />
<td>place name<br><br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><span style="font-weight: bold;">h</span></td><br />
<td>full name of a person<br><br />
</td><br />
<td>-</td><br />
<td>-</td><br />
<td>-</td><br />
<td> -</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</center><br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Miscellaneous==<br />
<br />
For more information about the P (Priority) markers, see the <br />
Word Priority Marking section in the <br />
http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/%7Ejwb/edict_doc.html#IREF05 JMdict/EDICT<br />
documentation.<br />
<p><br />
The following abbreviations are used in the Names dictionary file.<br />
</p><br />
<center><br />
<table border="1"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
<td><b> CODE</b></td><br />
<td><b> MEANING</b></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> uk</b></td><br />
<td>word usually written using kana alone</td><br />
<td><b> abbr </b></td><br />
<td>abbreviation</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> arch</b></td><br />
<td>archaism</td><br />
<td>ateji<b></b></td><br />
<td>ateji reading of the kanji</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br>col</td><br />
<td>colloquialism</td><br />
<td><span style="font-weight: bold;">derog</span><b></b></td><br />
<td>derogatory term<br><br />
</td><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold;">ek</td><br />
<td>exclusively kanji, rarely just in kana<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> fam</b></td><br />
<td> familiar language</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> </b><b> fem</b></td><br />
<td>female term or language<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> gikun</b><b></b></td><br />
<td>gikun (meaning) reading<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> hon</b><b></b></td><br />
<td>honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> hum</b></td><br />
<td>humble (kenjougo) language<br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> id</b></td><br />
<td>idiomatic expression<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> iK</b></td><br />
<td> word containing irregular kanji usage</td><br />
<td><b> ik</b></td><br />
<td>word containing irregular kana usage<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> io</b></td><br />
<td> irregular okurigana usage</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> MA</b></td><br />
<td>martial arts term<br />
</td><br />
<td><b> male</b><b></b></td><br />
<td>male term or language</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> </b><b> m-sl</b></td><br />
<td>manga slang</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> obs</b></td><br />
<td> obsolete term</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> obsc</b></td><br />
<td> obscure term</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> oK</b></td><br />
<td> word containing out-dated kanji</td><br />
<td><b> ok</b></td><br />
<td>out-dated or obsolete kana usage</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> pol</b></td><br />
<td>polite (teineigo) language</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b> </b><b> sens</b></td><br />
<td>term with some sensitivity about its usage</td><br />
<td><b> sl</b></td><br />
<td>slang</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> uK</b></td><br />
<td>word usually written using kanji alone</td><br />
<td><b> </b><b> vulg</b></td><br />
<td>vulgar expression or word</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</center><br />
<br />
In entries which are Japanese idiomatic expressions, aphorisms, etc.<br />
the literal translation of the Japanese is sometimes shown in<br />
paretheses, preceded by "lit:". Also where the Japanese word has been <br />
constructed by transliteration of two or more foreign words or word<br />
fragments (e.g., a <em>waseieigo</em> - Japanese-made English), the<br />
source words are shown in parentheses, preceded by "trans:".<br />
<br />
=== Language Codes ===<br />
<br />
In addition to the codes above, for gairaigo which have not been derived<br />
from English words, the source language has been indicated using the<br />
three-letter codes from the ISO 639-2:1998 "Codes for the<br />
representation of names of languages" standard, e.g. ``(fre: avec)".<br />
http://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Affordable Dissertation]<br />
<br />
=== Dialects ===<br />
<br />
Also there are tags which indicate that a word or phrase is associated<br />
with a particular regional language variant within Japan:<br />
<br />
* ksb: Kansai-ben<br />
* ktb: Kantou-ben<br />
* kyb: Kyoto-ben<br />
* kyu:<br />
* osb: Osaka-ben<br />
* thb:<br />
* tsb: Tosa-ben<br />
* tsug:</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=About_EDRDG&diff=478About EDRDG2011-04-24T07:45:35Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group was set up at in 2000 at Monash University in Australia by Jim Breen, who at that time was an Associate Professor in the Faculty of Information Technology. The main reason for establishing the Group was to have a vehicle which could hold the copyright for the various dictionary files Jim had compiled, and which could receive and spend funds in a text-effective way for the improvement of the files and associated software. The group has a [http://www.edrdg.org/ WWW page].<br />
<br />
While it has been called a "Group", in effect it is just Jim alone, and the team who take part in the development of the files are scattered all over the world [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Dissertation Proposal].<br />
<br />
In 2006, Jim registered the "edrdg.org" domain and rented a server to be a host site for EDRDG activities.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=WWWJDIC_in_Japanese&diff=477WWWJDIC in Japanese2011-04-24T07:44:17Z<p>Bono: /* Contributions/Translations */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Introduction=<br />
The "WWWJDIC in Japanese" project is aimed at extending the [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1C WWWJDIC] server to have its interface and messages (optionally) available in Japanese as well as in English. The project began in 2007 and has only made limited progress to date (July 2008). <br />
<br />
The option to use WWWJDIC in Japanese is set via the Customize/カスタマイズ option on the menu bar. (If you want to invoke the Japanese version without changing the settings, there is a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdicj.cgi?1C hard-wired version].)<br />
<br />
=How It's Done=<br />
<br />
The main approach that is being followed parallels that of most internationalized software. The strings of text that are displayed on the WWWJDIC screen are progressively being pulled out of the WWWJDIC server code and instead placed into a special messages file. They look like this:<br />
<pre><br />
11 en Translate Words<br />
11 jp 単語翻訳<br />
12 en Word Search/Home<br />
12 jp 単語検索/トップ<br />
</pre><br />
Messages are referenced by the number, and the version is displayed according to the user's settings. The current active messages can be seen [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwmessages here]. A recent copy is also on the [[WWWJDIC Messages]] page. (Other languages can be added as the translations become available.)<br />
<br />
Where there is a significant amount of text, e.g. on the foot of the Home Page, language-specific files are used. In the case of the Home Page text they are called "home_skel.en" and "home_skel.jp", and are selected according to the user's settings.<br />
<br />
The method being used can easily be extended to other languages.<br />
<br />
=Contributions/Translations=<br />
<br />
Contributions in the form of suitable Japanese versions of the text strings in WWWJDIC are eagerly sought. In particular, contributions from native speakers of Japanese and others with strong skills in written Japanese will be most welcome.<br />
<br />
Contributions can be made several ways:<br />
* via this Wiki. The English and Japanese text for each page is being placed on the [[WWWJDIC Japanese Pages]] page, where it can be edited and discussed;<br />
* via the [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/edict-jmdict/ edict-jmdict mailing list];<br />
* by email to Jim Breen (jimbreen@gmail.com). I (Jim) will place contributions on the Wiki.<br />
* [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Phd Dissertation]<br />
<br />
As contributions are received and accepted, they will be incorporated into the running WWWJDIC system.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Editorial_policy&diff=476Editorial policy2011-04-24T07:43:18Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>==JMdict/EDICT Editorial Policy and Guidelines==<br />
<br />
'''Note: This policy is being redrafted to align it with the new JMdictDB system being phased in for additionas and amendments.'''<br />
<br />
These guidelines are intended for people preparing new entries or amendments for the JMdict/EDICT files. Typically these entries or amendments will be made via the [[JMdictDB_Project|JMdictDB]] on-line database system.<br />
<br />
==Before Starting==<br />
<br />
Before proposing a new entry or an amendment, you should:<br />
*familiarize yourself with the style of the dictionary, particularly the way the English meanings are typically worded;<br />
*make very sure it is not already an entry. An amazing number of "new" entries turn out to be in the dictionary already, or variants of existing entries;<br />
*check you have written it correctly. Has it the correct kanji? Is the reading correct, with the vowel length right, ず/づ issues resolved, etc.?<br />
*verify the source. There are excellent online dictionaries available, e.g. the Sanseido dictionaries at the [http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/ Goo] site. The Eijiro dictionary at the [http://www.alc.co.jp/ ALC] site is also useful. If the word or phrase can't be found in a dictionary, WWW references to where it is used may suffice, but the meaning and context has to be clear. Dictionary and other reference information should be included in the "Reference" section in the form.<br />
*verify that the word or phrase is common enough to include in the dictionary. Page counts for Google or Yahoo are useful for this purpose. In general unless a word or phrase has more than about 50 hits on the WWW, it is not worth submitting.<br />
<br />
==Dictionary Entry Fields==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Kanji/Special-Character Forms===<br />
<br />
The Kanji section of the entry form contains the form of the Japanese word/phrase which contains kanji, special characters or letters from non-Japanese scripts (e.g. MP3プレーヤー). The word/phrase should written in full-width characters (e.g. it is not MP3プレーヤー).<br />
<br />
There may be more than one version of the word or phrase in this section. The usual reasons for having more than one version (also known as "surface forms" or "orthographical variants") are:<br />
*alternative kanji in the word, e.g. 合気道 and 合氣道<br />
*variations in ''okurigana'', e.g., 生け花 and 生花<br />
*part of a word being written either in kanji or kana, e.g., 言い付ける and 言いつける<br />
Where there are multiple forms of a word, enter them with the most commonly used form first, and then order them in decreasing frequency of use.<br />
<br />
Synonyms should not be included here. Instead they should be entered as separate dictionary entries, and a cross-reference inserted to them.<br />
<br />
Some other points to note:<br />
*in the case of na-adjectives (形容動詞), the な is NOT included in the entry (some Japanese dictionaries include it.) Use a part-of-speech of "adj-na".<br />
*as most adverbs are derived from either regular adjectives (く form) or na-adjectives (に), there is no need to have an entry unless the adverb is not apparent from the adjective.<br />
*for verbs formed from adding する to a noun, do not include the する in the headword - instead use the part-of-speech of "vs". The exception to this is the group of single-kanji-plus-する verbs such as 愛する. For these include the complete verb and use the "vs-s" part-of-speech.<br />
*for adverbs that are indicated by と, e.g. まざまざと, do not include the と, instead note the part-of-speech as "adv-to".<br />
*for adjectives that use たる (and と in the adverbial form), e.g. 依然たる, 依然と, omit the たる and と and use "adj-t" as the part-of-speech.<br />
*for the -さ (-ness) and -く (adverb) inflections of adjective, only include them if the meaning is not obvious from the gloss of the adjective itself.<br />
<br />
A set of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_kinf tags], e.g. iK or oK, can be applied to the words in this section. These should be used sparingly.<br />
<br />
===Readings===<br />
<br />
In this section enter either the reading(s) of the word/phrase in the Kanji section, or the word itself if it is written inly in kana. Readings associated with kanji should normally be in hiragana; the main exceptions being:<br />
* Chinese or Korean words and names, which are often transliterated using katakana;<br />
* the names of biological species which should be entered in both katakana and hiragana (if there is also a kanji form.)<br />
More than one reading can be entered where alternatives are possible. This can occur when<br />
* a kanji has alternative readings;<br />
* where there are different transliterations of 外来語, e.g., ダイヤモンド and ダイアモンド;<br />
* where a species name is being recorded; in these cases both hiragana and katakana forms should be entered. The katakana form must have "[nokanji]" after it to indicate that it is used without the kanji form, and a "[uk]" should be included in the Meanings field. Place the hiragana form first (client software such as WWWJDIC will display the katakana form first.)<br />
Where alternative readings are restricted to particular variants of the kanji form, specify this using the [restr=KKK] pattern after the reading.<br />
As in the Kanji section, place the more common reading(s) first.<br />
<br />
If a 外来語 (e.g. ベースボール) means the same as a native Japanese word (e.g. 野球), do not include the 外来語 form as a reading of the kanji. Instead create a separate entry and create cross-references between them. Similarly if two kana-only words have the same meaning, do not place them in the same entry unless they are related, e.g. spelling or pronunciation variants.<br />
<br />
If the kanji part contains katakana (e.g. 一眼レフ), use katakana in the Reading as well for the matching portion (いちがんレフ).<br />
<br />
A set of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_rinf tags], e.g. ik or ok, can be applied to the words in this section. These should be used sparingly.<br />
<br />
===Meanings===<br />
<br />
The Meanings section of the entry form is divided into senses, i.e. distinct meanings. These are indicated by a sense number: [1], [2], etc. Each sense can have a number of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_pos part of speech tags] (POS), e.g. [n], [adj-i] and [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_misc miscellaneous tags], e.g. [abbr] and [col]. <br />
<br />
The meanings consist of one or more short translations of the Japanese word or phrase.<br />
<br />
*do not copy translations, especially longer ones, directly from other dictionaries. For simple terms there may not be much in the way of alternatives, but for longer explanations use you own words, reword things, etc. Significant copying carries a risk of charges of plagiarism or copyright violation.<br />
*where the Japanese has more than one distinct meaning, break the section into senses.<br />
*make each translation a separate item, i.e. place a ";" between them. This makes reverse look up and exact match on the English possible. Some examples:<br />
**abbreviations: "three letter acronym; TLA" not "three letter acronym (TLA)"<br />
**conjunctions: "rice field; rice paddy" not "rice field or paddy"<br />
*make sure the meaning agrees with the part-of-speech. If the Japanese word is a noun, don't make the translation a verb (e.g. to xxxx)<br />
*when entering a verb, use the infinitive in English (to run, to jump, etc.)<br />
*for adjectives, the English entry should be just the adjective, not the adjective and copula:<br />
** "lucky" not "be lucky" or "is lucky"<br />
*where different forms of English use different terms, include all major variants (e.g. both "snow pea" and "mange tout" or "tap" and "faucet".) <br />
*include both "British" and "American" spellings. For short meanings it is better to repeat the meaning with the alternative spelling, however it is also acceptable to just put the alternative at the end in paretheses, e.g. "full colour (color)". Do not use patterns such as "colo(u)r" as they can't be searched for successfully.<br />
*do not use capital letters unless referring to a proper name (person, place, etc.)<br />
*do not precede the meaning with the articles "a", "an" or "the" inless it is absolutely necessary to make the meaning clear.<br />
*when entering the scientific name of a plant, animal, etc. put it in brackets after the first common English name, e.g. "spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus)". Note that the first word of the scientific name will have a capital letter. (See the note on "Names of biological species" below.)<br />
*put any context in brackets, e.g.: "consulting (the oracle)" not "consulting the oracle".<br />
*when indicating a field or domain for an entry, e.g., "comp" or "ling", state it using the [fld=xxxx] pattern. For example:<br />
** [fld=comp] floating-point<br />
*when using "e.g." to expand on the meaning of a word by giving examples, or when using "i.e." to qualify the meaning of a word, place the expansion in parentheses after the initial translation. For example say "hand game (e.g. rock, paper, scissors)", not "hand game, e.g. rock, paper, scissors". Also, do not include a comma after e.g. or i.e.<br />
*where the part-of-speech includes "vs", i.e. the Japanese word will function as a verb with the addition of する, there are two options:<br />
** enter the English meaning just as a noun or participle with a POS of (n,vs); not as a verb. See the 料理 entry, which has: "cooking; cookery; cuisine", not "cook".<br />
** have one sense with a POS of "n" and a second sense with a POS of "vs" in which meaning can be "to ...".<br />
(If the POS is "vs" alone, then it the meaning will be given as a verb, but such occurrences are rare.)<br />
* '''never''' create an English meaning purely based on the translation of the meanings of the kanji making up a word. Sometimes it will be correct, but there are many cases where the result would be quite wrong. (魂柱 does not mean "spirit pillar").<br />
*short explanatory notes can be included as part of a sense. Use the pattern [note="this is a note"].<br />
<br />
===Word Source===<br />
<br />
* if the word comes from another language, mark this next to the English meaning. The format is [lsrc=lng:], where lng is the three-letter code from the [http://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html ISO 639-2:1998 "Codes for the representation of names of languages" standard]:<br />
** アルバイト [1][n,vs] part-time job [lsrc=ger:Arbeit]<br />
** アールデコ [1][n] art deco [lsrc=fre:]<br />
<br />
Don't do this for (i) common Sino-Japanese vocbaulary, (ii) English loan-words where the first translation listed is the source word.<br />
<br />
===Cross-References===<br />
<br />
Cross-references must refer to other dictionary entries. Where the target word has a kanji form, that form should be used. <br />
<br />
Most cross-references will be synonyms, references to the full form (in the case of abbreviations), words from which the entry is derived, etc. <br />
<br />
Specify the cross-reference using the pattern [see=言葉] or [ant=何等] (see the [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#syn_xref detailed instructions]). Where the reference is to a particular headword/reading combination, use the format: kanji・reading, e.g., [see=金本位・かねほんい]. For targets that are a particular sense of the target word use the format [see=漢字[2]].<br />
<br />
==Other Issues/Policies==<br />
<br />
===Merging Entries===<br />
<br />
On occasions two or more entries may be merged when there are grounds for assuming they are variants of each other. The basic principle that is applied is a "two-out-of-three" rule. For the candidate entries, if at least two out of the (a) kanji-headword, (b) reading and (c) meaning fields are the same, the entries may be merged. Otherwise they must be separate entries. <br />
<br />
Two entries with no kanji could be merged if they have the same meaning and the kana forms are related, e.g. are variants of each other.<br />
<br />
===Names of biological species===<br />
My suggestion for rules for biological species:<br />
*Whenever possible, both the common name and the scientific name (using binomial nomenclature) of a species should be provided. The preferred format is: ''common_name (scientific_name)'', e.g. European magpie (''Pica pica''). If the common name is unknown, the preferred format is: ''scientific_name (description)'', e.g. ''Mola mola'' (a species of sunfish).<br />
*Common names should be written in dictionary form. This means that only proper nouns and proper adjectives should be capitalized, even for officially standardized common names. e.g. "American kestrel", not "American Kestrel".<br />
*Generic names (and names of higher taxa) are always capitalized; specific epithets are never capitalized. e.g. "''Tyrannosaurus rex''", not "''tyrannosaurus rex''" or "''Tyrannosaurus Rex''"<br />
*Where applicable, subspecific taxonomic categories should be written out fully using ICZN or ICBN rules.<br />
**For animal subspecies, this consists of merely writing the subspecific epithet. For example, the cinnamon bear, a subspecies of American black bear, should be submitted as: cinnamon bear (''Ursus americanus cinnamomum'')<br />
**For plant subspecies, the abbreviation "subsp." should be used before the subspecific epithet. For example, occluded blindweed, a subspecies of hedge bindweed, should be submitted as: occluded blindweed (''Calystegia sepium'' subsp. ''erratica'')<br />
***For varieties, the abbreviation "var." must be used.<br />
****For forms, "f." must be used.<br />
*****Cultivar epithets should capitalized and placed in single quotes. (e.g. ''Taxus baccata'' 'Variegata')<br />
*Do not submit the author name. e.g., raspberry (''Rubus idaeus''), not raspberry (''Rubus idaeus'' L.) (The "L." stands for Linnaeus.)<br />
*Whenever possible, junior synonyms should not be submitted. Submit only the single scientific name currently accepted as the senior synonym. Wikipedia and The Encyclopedia of Life are good resources for finding the most up-to-date classifications.<br />
*Submissions should include the Japanese name in kanji, hiragana, and--in the vast majority of cases--katakana. Biological names are very often written in katakana, and thus a (uk) tag is usually warranted. Nevertheless, the katakana reading should always be placed ''after'' the hiragana reading. For example, 銭形海豹 [ぜにがたあざらし,ゼニガタアザラシ] (n) (uk) harbor seal (''Phoca vitulina'')/harbour seal/common seal<br />
*Names of higher taxa should include the headword written entirely in kanji, even though it may be only rarely used in practice. Reading restrictions will be used where appropriate. For example, セリ科,芹科 [セリか(セリ科),せりか(芹科)] (n) Apiaceae (parsley family of plants)/Umbelliferae<br />
*When unsure of a kanji headword, it is often easy to determine based on the English translation or the appearance of the species. For example, the white-cheeked pintail (''Anas bahamas'') is known as ホオジロオナガガモ in Japanese. This word does not appear in any Japanese dictionary, but it is rather obviously written as 頬白尾長鴨. Include a kanji headword whenever it can be determined in this manner, but never guess. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 21:05, 25 August 2009 (UTC)<br />
<br />
* [http://www.designerevaluation.com/logo-design/ logo design]<br />
* [http://www.designerevaluation.com/ website design]<br />
* [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Custom Dissertation]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Common_words&diff=475Common words2011-04-24T07:42:38Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>The following are the ~850 Ogden's [http://ogden.basic-english.org/words.html basic English words]. It would interesting to see if they could be used in WWWJDIC, etc. to enhance English-Japanese lookups.<br />
<br />
What is needed is suitable Japanese word equivalents. The idea is that if someone looks up "account" they will initially be offered the entries for アカウント, 口座, 会計, 預金, .. instead of all the entries containing the word.<br />
<br />
Feel free to add Japanese equivalents.<br />
* [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/com Buy Dissertation]<br />
* [http://www.seoprofessionalsonline.com professional seo]<br />
* [http://www.seoprofessionalsonline.com/website-optimizer.asp website optimizer]<br />
<br />
----<br />
I 私 僕 俺 我(われ) 自分 此方 不肖 手前 内(うち)<br />
<br />
a<br />
<br />
able 有能 腕利き 出来る<br />
<br />
about について に関して に関する ごろ ぐらい<br />
<br />
account アカウント 口座 会計 預金<br />
<br />
acid 酸 酸性<br />
<br />
across<br />
<br />
act 行い 行為 幕 法令 条例 演じる 出演 <br />
<br />
addition 付加 追加<br />
<br />
adjustment 調整 調節 修正 精算<br />
<br />
advertisement 広告 宣伝 公募 アド アドバタイズメント<br />
<br />
after<br />
<br />
again<br />
<br />
against<br />
<br />
agreement<br />
<br />
air<br />
<br />
all<br />
<br />
almost<br />
<br />
among<br />
<br />
amount<br />
<br />
amusement<br />
<br />
and<br />
<br />
angle<br />
<br />
angry<br />
<br />
animal 動物<br />
<br />
answer 答える 答え<br />
<br />
ant 蟻<br />
<br />
any<br />
<br />
apparatus<br />
<br />
apple 林檎<br />
<br />
approval<br />
<br />
arch アーチ <br />
<br />
argument<br />
<br />
arm<br />
<br />
army 軍隊<br />
<br />
art<br />
<br />
as<br />
<br />
at<br />
<br />
attack<br />
<br />
attempt<br />
<br />
attention<br />
<br />
attraction<br />
<br />
authority<br />
<br />
automatic<br />
<br />
awake<br />
<br />
baby<br />
<br />
back<br />
<br />
bad<br />
<br />
bag<br />
<br />
balance<br />
<br />
ball ボール 玉 球 球技 投球 舞踏会<br />
<br />
band<br />
<br />
base<br />
<br />
basin 鉢 洗面器 水盤<br />
<br />
basket 篭 バスケット <br />
<br />
bath 風呂 バス 浴槽<br />
<br />
be<br />
<br />
beautiful 美しい きれい<br />
<br />
because<br />
<br />
bed ベッド 寝台<br />
<br />
bee 蜜蜂<br />
<br />
before<br />
<br />
behavior 振る舞い 態度 行動 挙動 行儀 確信<br />
<br />
belief 信念 <br />
<br />
bell 鐘 釣り鐘<br />
<br />
bent<br />
<br />
berry ベリー 液果 漿果<br />
<br />
between<br />
<br />
bird 鳥 猟鳥 <br />
<br />
birth 出生 誕生 出産 分娩 生まれ 血統<br />
<br />
bit<br />
<br />
bite 噛む 噛み切る<br />
<br />
bitter 苦い 苦み 苦痛 辛い<br />
<br />
black 黒い 黒色<br />
<br />
blade 刃 刀身<br />
<br />
blood 血 血液<br />
<br />
blow 吹く 爆破 殴打 強打<br />
<br />
blue 青い 青色 藍色 紺色<br />
<br />
board 板 黒板 掲示板<br />
<br />
boat ボート 船舶 モーターボート 帆船<br />
<br />
body 身体 死体 死骸<br />
<br />
boiling 煮える 煮え立つ 沸き返る<br />
<br />
bone 骨 骨質 <br />
<br />
book 本 書物 書籍 著作<br />
<br />
boot ブーツ 編み上げ 深靴 半長靴<br />
<br />
bottle 瓶 <br />
<br />
box 箱<br />
<br />
boy<br />
<br />
brain<br />
<br />
brake<br />
<br />
branch<br />
<br />
brass<br />
<br />
bread<br />
<br />
breath<br />
<br />
brick<br />
<br />
bridge<br />
<br />
bright<br />
<br />
broken<br />
<br />
brother<br />
<br />
brown<br />
<br />
brush<br />
<br />
bucket<br />
<br />
building<br />
<br />
bulb<br />
<br />
burn<br />
<br />
burst<br />
<br />
business<br />
<br />
but<br />
<br />
butter<br />
<br />
button<br />
<br />
by<br />
<br />
cake<br />
<br />
camera<br />
<br />
canvas<br />
<br />
card<br />
<br />
care<br />
<br />
carriage<br />
<br />
cart<br />
<br />
cat<br />
<br />
cause<br />
<br />
certain<br />
<br />
chain<br />
<br />
chalk<br />
<br />
chance<br />
<br />
change<br />
<br />
cheap<br />
<br />
cheese<br />
<br />
chemical<br />
<br />
chest<br />
<br />
chief<br />
<br />
chin<br />
<br />
church<br />
<br />
circle<br />
<br />
clean<br />
<br />
clear<br />
<br />
clock<br />
<br />
cloth<br />
<br />
cloud<br />
<br />
coal<br />
<br />
coat<br />
<br />
cold<br />
<br />
collar<br />
<br />
color<br />
<br />
comb<br />
<br />
come<br />
<br />
comfort<br />
<br />
committee<br />
<br />
common<br />
<br />
company<br />
<br />
comparison<br />
<br />
competition<br />
<br />
complete<br />
<br />
complex<br />
<br />
condition<br />
<br />
connection<br />
<br />
conscious<br />
<br />
control<br />
<br />
cook<br />
<br />
copper<br />
<br />
copy<br />
<br />
cord<br />
<br />
cork<br />
<br />
cotton<br />
<br />
cough<br />
<br />
country<br />
<br />
cover<br />
<br />
cow<br />
<br />
crack<br />
<br />
credit<br />
<br />
crime<br />
<br />
cruel<br />
<br />
crush<br />
<br />
cry<br />
<br />
cup<br />
<br />
current<br />
<br />
curtain<br />
<br />
curve<br />
<br />
cushion<br />
<br />
cut<br />
<br />
damage<br />
<br />
danger<br />
<br />
dark<br />
<br />
daughter<br />
<br />
day<br />
<br />
dead<br />
<br />
dear<br />
<br />
death<br />
<br />
debt<br />
<br />
decision<br />
<br />
deep<br />
<br />
degree<br />
<br />
delicate<br />
<br />
dependent<br />
<br />
design<br />
<br />
desire<br />
<br />
destruction<br />
<br />
detail<br />
<br />
development<br />
<br />
different<br />
<br />
digestion<br />
<br />
direction<br />
<br />
dirty<br />
<br />
discovery<br />
<br />
discussion<br />
<br />
disease<br />
<br />
disgust<br />
<br />
distance<br />
<br />
distribution<br />
<br />
division<br />
<br />
do<br />
<br />
dog<br />
<br />
door<br />
<br />
doubt<br />
<br />
down<br />
<br />
drain<br />
<br />
drawer<br />
<br />
dress<br />
<br />
drink<br />
<br />
driving<br />
<br />
drop<br />
<br />
dry<br />
<br />
dust<br />
<br />
ear<br />
<br />
early<br />
<br />
earth<br />
<br />
east<br />
<br />
edge<br />
<br />
education<br />
<br />
effect<br />
<br />
egg<br />
<br />
elastic<br />
<br />
electric<br />
<br />
end<br />
<br />
engine<br />
<br />
enough<br />
<br />
equal<br />
<br />
error<br />
<br />
even<br />
<br />
event<br />
<br />
ever<br />
<br />
every<br />
<br />
example<br />
<br />
exchange<br />
<br />
existence<br />
<br />
expansion<br />
<br />
experience<br />
<br />
expert<br />
<br />
eye<br />
<br />
face<br />
<br />
fact<br />
<br />
fall<br />
<br />
false<br />
<br />
family<br />
<br />
far<br />
<br />
farm<br />
<br />
fat<br />
<br />
father<br />
<br />
fear<br />
<br />
feather<br />
<br />
feeble<br />
<br />
feeling<br />
<br />
female<br />
<br />
fertile<br />
<br />
fiction<br />
<br />
field<br />
<br />
fight<br />
<br />
finger<br />
<br />
fire<br />
<br />
first<br />
<br />
fish<br />
<br />
fixed<br />
<br />
flag<br />
<br />
flame<br />
<br />
flat<br />
<br />
flight<br />
<br />
floor<br />
<br />
flower<br />
<br />
fly<br />
<br />
fold<br />
<br />
food<br />
<br />
foolish<br />
<br />
foot<br />
<br />
for<br />
<br />
force<br />
<br />
fork<br />
<br />
form<br />
<br />
forward<br />
<br />
fowl<br />
<br />
frame<br />
<br />
free<br />
<br />
frequent<br />
<br />
friend<br />
<br />
from<br />
<br />
front<br />
<br />
fruit<br />
<br />
full<br />
<br />
future<br />
<br />
garden<br />
<br />
general<br />
<br />
get<br />
<br />
girl<br />
<br />
give<br />
<br />
glass<br />
<br />
glove<br />
<br />
go<br />
<br />
goat<br />
<br />
gold<br />
<br />
good<br />
<br />
government<br />
<br />
grain<br />
<br />
grass<br />
<br />
gray<br />
<br />
great<br />
<br />
green<br />
<br />
grey<br />
<br />
grip<br />
<br />
group<br />
<br />
growth<br />
<br />
guide<br />
<br />
gun<br />
<br />
hair<br />
<br />
hammer<br />
<br />
hand<br />
<br />
hanging<br />
<br />
happy<br />
<br />
harbor<br />
<br />
hard<br />
<br />
harmony<br />
<br />
hat<br />
<br />
hate<br />
<br />
have<br />
<br />
he<br />
<br />
head<br />
<br />
healthy<br />
<br />
hearing<br />
<br />
heart<br />
<br />
heat<br />
<br />
help<br />
<br />
here<br />
<br />
high<br />
<br />
history<br />
<br />
hole<br />
<br />
hollow<br />
<br />
hook<br />
<br />
hope<br />
<br />
horn<br />
<br />
horse<br />
<br />
hospital<br />
<br />
hour<br />
<br />
house<br />
<br />
how<br />
<br />
humor<br />
<br />
ice<br />
<br />
idea<br />
<br />
if<br />
<br />
ill<br />
<br />
important<br />
<br />
impulse<br />
<br />
in<br />
<br />
increase<br />
<br />
industry<br />
<br />
ink<br />
<br />
insect<br />
<br />
instrument<br />
<br />
insurance<br />
<br />
interest<br />
<br />
invention<br />
<br />
iron<br />
<br />
island<br />
<br />
jelly<br />
<br />
jewel<br />
<br />
join<br />
<br />
journey<br />
<br />
judge<br />
<br />
jump<br />
<br />
keep<br />
<br />
kettle<br />
<br />
key<br />
<br />
kick<br />
<br />
kind<br />
<br />
kiss<br />
<br />
knee<br />
<br />
knife<br />
<br />
knot<br />
<br />
knowledge<br />
<br />
land<br />
<br />
language<br />
<br />
last<br />
<br />
late<br />
<br />
laugh<br />
<br />
law<br />
<br />
lead<br />
<br />
leaf<br />
<br />
learning<br />
<br />
least<br />
<br />
leather<br />
<br />
left<br />
<br />
leg<br />
<br />
less<br />
<br />
let<br />
<br />
letter<br />
<br />
level<br />
<br />
library<br />
<br />
lift<br />
<br />
light<br />
<br />
like<br />
<br />
limit<br />
<br />
line<br />
<br />
linen<br />
<br />
lip<br />
<br />
liquid<br />
<br />
list<br />
<br />
little<br />
<br />
living<br />
<br />
lock<br />
<br />
long<br />
<br />
loose<br />
<br />
loss<br />
<br />
loud<br />
<br />
love<br />
<br />
low<br />
<br />
machine<br />
<br />
make<br />
<br />
male<br />
<br />
man<br />
<br />
manager<br />
<br />
map<br />
<br />
mark<br />
<br />
market<br />
<br />
married<br />
<br />
mass<br />
<br />
match<br />
<br />
material<br />
<br />
may<br />
<br />
meal<br />
<br />
measure<br />
<br />
meat<br />
<br />
medical<br />
<br />
meeting<br />
<br />
memory<br />
<br />
metal<br />
<br />
middle<br />
<br />
military<br />
<br />
milk<br />
<br />
mind<br />
<br />
mine<br />
<br />
minute<br />
<br />
mist<br />
<br />
mixed<br />
<br />
money<br />
<br />
monkey<br />
<br />
month<br />
<br />
moon<br />
<br />
more<br />
<br />
morning<br />
<br />
most<br />
<br />
mother<br />
<br />
motion<br />
<br />
mountain<br />
<br />
mouth<br />
<br />
move<br />
<br />
much<br />
<br />
muscle<br />
<br />
music<br />
<br />
nail<br />
<br />
name<br />
<br />
narrow<br />
<br />
nation<br />
<br />
natural<br />
<br />
near<br />
<br />
necessary<br />
<br />
neck<br />
<br />
need<br />
<br />
needle<br />
<br />
nerve<br />
<br />
net<br />
<br />
new<br />
<br />
news<br />
<br />
night<br />
<br />
no<br />
<br />
noise<br />
<br />
normal<br />
<br />
north<br />
<br />
nose<br />
<br />
not<br />
<br />
note<br />
<br />
now<br />
<br />
number<br />
<br />
nut<br />
<br />
observation<br />
<br />
of<br />
<br />
off<br />
<br />
offer<br />
<br />
office<br />
<br />
oil<br />
<br />
old<br />
<br />
on<br />
<br />
only<br />
<br />
open<br />
<br />
operation<br />
<br />
opinion<br />
<br />
opposite<br />
<br />
or<br />
<br />
orange<br />
<br />
order<br />
<br />
organization<br />
<br />
ornament<br />
<br />
other<br />
<br />
out<br />
<br />
oven<br />
<br />
over<br />
<br />
owner.<br />
<br />
page<br />
<br />
pain<br />
<br />
paint<br />
<br />
paper<br />
<br />
parallel<br />
<br />
parcel<br />
<br />
part<br />
<br />
past<br />
<br />
paste<br />
<br />
payment<br />
<br />
peace<br />
<br />
pen<br />
<br />
pencil<br />
<br />
person<br />
<br />
physical<br />
<br />
picture<br />
<br />
pig<br />
<br />
pin<br />
<br />
pipe<br />
<br />
place<br />
<br />
plane<br />
<br />
plant<br />
<br />
plate<br />
<br />
play<br />
<br />
please<br />
<br />
pleasure<br />
<br />
plough<br />
<br />
plow<br />
<br />
pocket<br />
<br />
point<br />
<br />
poison<br />
<br />
polish<br />
<br />
political<br />
<br />
poor<br />
<br />
porter<br />
<br />
position<br />
<br />
possible<br />
<br />
pot<br />
<br />
potato<br />
<br />
powder<br />
<br />
power<br />
<br />
present<br />
<br />
price<br />
<br />
print<br />
<br />
prison<br />
<br />
private<br />
<br />
probable<br />
<br />
process<br />
<br />
produce<br />
<br />
profit<br />
<br />
property<br />
<br />
prose<br />
<br />
protest<br />
<br />
public<br />
<br />
pull<br />
<br />
pump<br />
<br />
punishment<br />
<br />
purpose<br />
<br />
push<br />
<br />
put<br />
<br />
quality<br />
<br />
question<br />
<br />
quick<br />
<br />
quiet<br />
<br />
quite<br />
<br />
rail<br />
<br />
rain<br />
<br />
range<br />
<br />
rat<br />
<br />
rate<br />
<br />
ray<br />
<br />
reaction<br />
<br />
reading<br />
<br />
ready<br />
<br />
reason<br />
<br />
receipt<br />
<br />
record<br />
<br />
red<br />
<br />
regret<br />
<br />
regular<br />
<br />
relation<br />
<br />
religion<br />
<br />
representative<br />
<br />
request<br />
<br />
respect<br />
<br />
responsible<br />
<br />
rest<br />
<br />
reward<br />
<br />
rhythm<br />
<br />
rice<br />
<br />
right<br />
<br />
ring<br />
<br />
river<br />
<br />
road<br />
<br />
rod<br />
<br />
roll<br />
<br />
roof<br />
<br />
room<br />
<br />
root<br />
<br />
rough<br />
<br />
round<br />
<br />
rub<br />
<br />
rule<br />
<br />
run<br />
<br />
sad<br />
<br />
safe<br />
<br />
sail<br />
<br />
salt<br />
<br />
same<br />
<br />
sand<br />
<br />
say<br />
<br />
scale<br />
<br />
school<br />
<br />
science<br />
<br />
scissors<br />
<br />
screw<br />
<br />
sea<br />
<br />
seat<br />
<br />
second<br />
<br />
secret<br />
<br />
secretary<br />
<br />
see<br />
<br />
seed<br />
<br />
seem<br />
<br />
selection<br />
<br />
self<br />
<br />
send<br />
<br />
sense<br />
<br />
separate<br />
<br />
serious<br />
<br />
servant<br />
<br />
sex<br />
<br />
shade<br />
<br />
shake<br />
<br />
shame<br />
<br />
sharp<br />
<br />
sheep<br />
<br />
shelf<br />
<br />
ship<br />
<br />
shirt<br />
<br />
shock<br />
<br />
shoe<br />
<br />
short<br />
<br />
shut<br />
<br />
side<br />
<br />
sign<br />
<br />
silk<br />
<br />
silver<br />
<br />
simple<br />
<br />
sister<br />
<br />
size<br />
<br />
skin<br />
<br />
skirt<br />
<br />
sky<br />
<br />
sleep<br />
<br />
slip<br />
<br />
slope<br />
<br />
slow<br />
<br />
small<br />
<br />
smash<br />
<br />
smell<br />
<br />
smile<br />
<br />
smoke<br />
<br />
smooth<br />
<br />
snake<br />
<br />
sneeze<br />
<br />
snow<br />
<br />
so<br />
<br />
soap<br />
<br />
society<br />
<br />
sock<br />
<br />
soft<br />
<br />
solid<br />
<br />
some<br />
<br />
son<br />
<br />
song<br />
<br />
sort<br />
<br />
sound<br />
<br />
soup<br />
<br />
south<br />
<br />
space<br />
<br />
spade<br />
<br />
special<br />
<br />
sponge<br />
<br />
spoon<br />
<br />
spring<br />
<br />
square<br />
<br />
stage<br />
<br />
stamp<br />
<br />
star<br />
<br />
start<br />
<br />
statement<br />
<br />
station<br />
<br />
steam<br />
<br />
steel<br />
<br />
stem<br />
<br />
step<br />
<br />
stick<br />
<br />
sticky<br />
<br />
stiff<br />
<br />
still<br />
<br />
stitch<br />
<br />
stocking<br />
<br />
stomach<br />
<br />
stone<br />
<br />
stop<br />
<br />
store<br />
<br />
story<br />
<br />
straight<br />
<br />
strange<br />
<br />
street<br />
<br />
stretch<br />
<br />
strong<br />
<br />
structure<br />
<br />
substance<br />
<br />
such<br />
<br />
sudden<br />
<br />
sugar<br />
<br />
suggestion<br />
<br />
summer<br />
<br />
sun<br />
<br />
support<br />
<br />
surprise<br />
<br />
sweet<br />
<br />
swim<br />
<br />
system<br />
<br />
table<br />
<br />
tail<br />
<br />
take<br />
<br />
talk<br />
<br />
tall<br />
<br />
taste<br />
<br />
tax<br />
<br />
teaching<br />
<br />
tendency<br />
<br />
test<br />
<br />
than<br />
<br />
that<br />
<br />
the<br />
<br />
then<br />
<br />
theory<br />
<br />
there<br />
<br />
thick<br />
<br />
thin<br />
<br />
thing<br />
<br />
this<br />
<br />
though<br />
<br />
thought<br />
<br />
thread<br />
<br />
throat<br />
<br />
through<br />
<br />
thumb<br />
<br />
thunder<br />
<br />
ticket<br />
<br />
tight<br />
<br />
till<br />
<br />
time<br />
<br />
tin<br />
<br />
tired<br />
<br />
to<br />
<br />
toe<br />
<br />
together<br />
<br />
tomorrow<br />
<br />
tongue<br />
<br />
tooth<br />
<br />
top<br />
<br />
touch<br />
<br />
town<br />
<br />
trade<br />
<br />
train<br />
<br />
transport<br />
<br />
tray<br />
<br />
tree<br />
<br />
trick<br />
<br />
trouble<br />
<br />
trousers<br />
<br />
true<br />
<br />
turn<br />
<br />
twist<br />
<br />
umbrella<br />
<br />
under<br />
<br />
unit<br />
<br />
up<br />
<br />
use<br />
<br />
value<br />
<br />
verse<br />
<br />
very<br />
<br />
vessel<br />
<br />
view<br />
<br />
violent<br />
<br />
voice<br />
<br />
waiting<br />
<br />
walk<br />
<br />
wall<br />
<br />
war<br />
<br />
warm<br />
<br />
wash<br />
<br />
waste<br />
<br />
watch<br />
<br />
water<br />
<br />
wave<br />
<br />
wax<br />
<br />
way<br />
<br />
weather<br />
<br />
week<br />
<br />
weight<br />
<br />
well<br />
<br />
west<br />
<br />
wet<br />
<br />
wheel<br />
<br />
when<br />
<br />
where<br />
<br />
while<br />
<br />
whip<br />
<br />
whistle<br />
<br />
white<br />
<br />
who<br />
<br />
why<br />
<br />
wide<br />
<br />
will<br />
<br />
wind<br />
<br />
window<br />
<br />
wine<br />
<br />
wing<br />
<br />
winter<br />
<br />
wire<br />
<br />
wise<br />
<br />
with<br />
<br />
woman<br />
<br />
wood<br />
<br />
wool<br />
<br />
word<br />
<br />
work<br />
<br />
worm<br />
<br />
wound<br />
<br />
writing<br />
<br />
wrong<br />
<br />
year<br />
<br />
yellow<br />
<br />
yes<br />
<br />
yesterday 昨日<br />
<br />
you あなた あなたがた 君 君達 お宅 其方 お前 お前ら 手前 御身 己 己等 貴様<br />
<br />
young 若い 若々しい 年若い 幼い 若者 青年 子供</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Entries_Under_Development&diff=474Entries Under Development2011-04-24T07:40:27Z<p>Bono: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Introduction==<br />
<br />
This page is for general use to place words/phrases which are in the process of being turned into full dictionary entries. Other people can contribute to readings, meanings, etc., and eventually the material can be placed in JMdict/EDICT [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Dissertation Writing].<br />
<br />
Possibly useful links:<br />
* the [http://edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edform.py?svc=jmdict&q=1 New Entry] page in JMdictDB. This can be used once the entry is complete enough to go in the dictionary.<br />
* the [http://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php/Talk:Tanaka_Corpus#.27New.27_words_in_the_Tanaka_Corpus New Words] page prepared by Paul Blay, containing words phrases from the Tanaka Corpus that are not yet in Jmdict/EDICT.<br />
<br />
==The Work in Progress==<br />
<br />
<br />
== 遅ばせながら and 遅らばせながら (variants of 遅ればせながら) ==<br />
<br />
The first variant showed up in an e-mail message, and this made me look for it via Google, since no dictionary carries it. It seems to be rather common (abt. 38,000 hits), and i even found a not uncommon second variant (abt. 19,000 hits). I don't know how to merge this information appropriately with the existing JEDIC entry for 遅ればせながら, since i actually don't know the sound (reading) of the first variant and (obviously) find the pronunciation of the second variant at odds with the dictionary entry. (^^)<br />
<br />
: My guess is 遅ばせながら is simply a case of people thinking the れ could be absorbed into the kanji (遅). I'll add it to the 遅ればせながら entry as a variant. I suspect 遅らばせながら is a not-uncommon typo; I'll add it as a comment.<br />
<br />
: BTW, when you put the 遅ればせながら entry in in 2008, you put おそればせながら as the reading. Are you sure of it? The ルミナス和英辞典 says it's おくればせながら, as does the プログレッシブ和英中辞典 at Yahoo. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 03:06, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 05:20, 27 January 2009 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== 捕まる ==<br />
<br />
A note: entering つかまる into "Word Search" brings up two entries that are identical except for a kanji being displayed as image in one of them<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 12:30, 17 December 2008 (UTC)<br />
<br />
: This is because entries with non-JIS208 kanji are quarantined in a separate file. When we get to the new system, they can be merged. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 02:03, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
:: They have now been merged! [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 01:33, 30 April 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== デラシネ的 ==<br />
<br />
Read, in an e-mail message, this sentence: わたくし自身デラシネ的です。<br />
<br />
大辞泉 defines デラシネ as 根無し草。転じて、故郷や祖国から切り離された人<br />
<br />
大辞林 defines it as 根なし草の意故郷を喪失した人<br />
<br />
No problem with the meaning, but i dont' know the real-world connotations, in the (a) Japanese way of looking at this. Thus, i wonder which English expressions (i.e., any or all of the following) would fit? I can see a span from "rootless", "uprooted" , or "exiled" to "multicultural", "unfettered", or "free spirit".<br />
<br />
: Or all of the above. Without knowing the context, I'd go for "rootless". [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 02:52, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 23:20, 8 October 2008 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== 痛 and びびり ==<br />
<br />
Here is a text: 抜歯、響きが痛そう。落ち着き大事ですね。整形に行ったときに医者が医学書を開いたときはマジビビりました。<br />
<br />
Plugging this into "Translate Words" gets the following (excerpt only shown):<br />
<br />
抜歯、響きが痛そう。<br />
<br />
* 痛 【いた】 (int) ouch; ow; ED<br />
<br />
整形に行ったときに医者が医学書を開いたときはマジビビりました。<br />
<br />
* びびり (n) chatter mark (machine tools); ED<br />
<br />
Now i have some questions that come out of the results shown above.<br />
<br />
1) 痛そう contains the stem 痛, which means "painful", whereby 痛い is the adjectival form, 痛く the adverbial form, and 痛そう the, for lack of a better term, appearance form. why does the glossary give us only "痛 【いた】 (int) ouch; ow; ED"? I think it would be helpful if all all adjectives were recognized by their stem... how should one handle this interms of amending existing glosses or adding hlosses?<br />
<br />
: 痛そう and the like should be handled. I have added そう to the possible inflections of い-adjectives, and now 痛そう gets:<br />
<br />
** Possible inflected verb or adjective: (adj., -seems)<br />
** 痛い 【いたい】 (adj-i) (1) painful; sore; (adj-i,suf) (2) exceeding; (P); EP <br />
<br />
: Tell me about any more. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 02:16, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
2) The gloss for びびり is obviously off the mark here, and a reference to びびる would be most useful. I recall having mentioned some time ago that noun forms of verbs (and verb forms of nouns) :-) would benefit from being crosslinked. In that context, is it OK to add such crosslinks, whenever a situation arises where they don't exist, as amendmends?<br />
<br />
: Yes, feel free to propose amendments like that. As for the gloss for びびり, リーダーズ+プラス has "《機械の》びびり, CHATTER MARK.", so I suspect it's not way off the mark. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 03:13, 19 March 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
--[[User:Yuuri|Hendrik]] 14:12, 20 September 2008 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==Various Words==<br />
<br />
結托 This might be a misprint for 結託. Putting it here for now.<br />
---[[User:Scott|Scott]] 20:23, 8 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
あえか あえか kojien<br />
to be added<br />
--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 20:55, 10 August 2010 (UTC) This was added by Rene on 2010-09-12 01:06:04<br />
<br />
はったい see=麦こがしsee=香煎 gg5 koj daij<br />
gg5 "has powdered roast grafin " as a gloss but grafin does not seem to be a valid English word.<br />
--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 18:48, 11 August 2010 (UTC) Added (this was in daijisen, daijirin and nikkoku)<br />
<br />
有吻類 koj to be added--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 02:52, 16 August 2010 (UTC) (has been added to edict)<br />
: リーダーズ+プラス has : snout beetle 【昆】 有吻[具吻]類甲虫の総称《ゾウムシ (weevil) など》. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 06:59, 16 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
剰す あます not found in dictionary --[[User:Scott|Scott]] 03:04, 16 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
串戯 not found in dictionary aozora: 御串戯 ごじょうだん one website has 串戯 かんぎ 1. 人を笑わせるために行う歌舞。おどけ。 2. 俳優 but I can't figure out where it's from--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 07:23, 8 September 2010 (UTC) Turns out this was an alternate way of writing 冗談. It's in the nikkoku.<br />
<br />
岩面 is a word I came across. It plainly means "rock face" (many WWW images). What's the reading? がんめん? [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 03:35, 14 October 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
平ぺったい ひらぺったい can't find this one, probably means flat --[[User:Scott|Scott]] 20:03, 30 October 2010 (UTC)<br />
:It's 平べったい. Already an entry [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 03:54, 22 November 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
無茶振る to behave in a reckless manner, and other meanings (see http://forum.wordreference.com/showthread.php?t=2016772 / http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1025593725), related to 無茶振り (http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E8%8C%B6%E6%8C%AF%E3%82%8A)--[[User:Scott|Scott]] 17:40, 26 December 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==〜の背中は既に見えている==<br />
On Thu Apr 29 18:56:40 2010 Hendrik submitted:<br />
〜の背中は既に見えている 〜のせなかはすでにみえている exp catching up with ...<br />
<br />
Sample (from a text about LED lighting and how it has been improving):<br />
ここにきて総合効率で80lm/W以上という製品も珍しくなくなってきた。総合効率が100lm/W弱とされる高効率の高周波点灯(HF)型の蛍光灯にはまだ及ばないものの,蛍光灯の背中は既に見えている。(My friend ここにきて is showing up yet again here, and in this case i have tentatively marked it as "since recently", but i will let that go for the moment...)<br />
<br />
1) on the web (representing parts of the very text i am working on):<br />
http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/FEATURE/20100224/180569/ and two other Googits of sites quoting the above<br />
<br />
Here is an example of an "uncertain" entry: it is not in the dictionaries i have access to, there is only limited evidence that it exists - but it "smells" like it should be in a comprehensive dictionary. ;-)<br />
<br />
2) All the elements of this EXP are known separately, and some may perhaps argue that NES reading "being able to see the back of..." in certain contexts should know that it means "catching up with..." (or, perhaps even "set to overtake ... before long") - but methinks such an EXP as this is valuable at least for the non-NES using JEDIC, if not for _some_ NES... ;-) I also suspect that this EXP is far more typical for what NJS actually say than the 1 original Googit we have for it...<br />
<br />
I (Jim) added it as an entry, but other editors are now suggesting deletion. I'm moving this here for discussion.[[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 23:29, 4 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
:I agree that it's a catchy phrase, and the meaning might not be obvious to some, but I just don't think the usage is high enough to warrant keeping it. If kept, I don't think it should have the の in front. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 06:25, 6 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
==より==<br />
Our existing entry, which needs work, I agree [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 06:19, 6 August 2010 (UTC):<br />
<pre>[1][adv,prt]<br />
from; out of; since; at<br />
[2][adv,prt]<br />
than<br />
[3][adv,prt]<br />
other than; except; but<br />
[4][adv,prt]<br />
more<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==Expressions Possibly Needing Revised POSs==<br />
<br />
This is a list of entries identified by Ben Bullock as having suspect PoS tags. I (Jim Breen) think many need to be retagged as expressions.<br />
<br />
:I've gone through all of them and modified the ones I think need to be changed, and recommended a handful for deletion. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 03:35, 8 August 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:: Thanks. I'll delete the list now. [[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 10:08, 13 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Verb POS being added the "exp" entries ==<br />
<br />
We have a batch updater to add verb POS tags to "exp" entries. The list of additions has been prepared by Jean-Luc Léger. Paul Blay noticed that some on JL's list are also marked "id" (idiomatic) and really need checking before they go in. I have pulled them off the list for now, and placed them below. If anyone wants to indicate which ones are OK to have POS markers, i.e. can be seen occurring in inflected forms, please add an "OK" to them.[[User:JimBreen|JimBreen]] 11:01, 13 September 2010 (UTC)<br />
<br />
The remaining entries I have put on [[verbpos | another page]] in batches. Feel free to comment on which ones should NOT have POS tags as well.<br />
<br />
2416850 管の穴から天を覗く v5k<br />
2418930 断じて行えば鬼神も之を避く v5k<br />
2418010 焼け棒杭に火が付く v5k<br />
2451240 想像が付く v5k<br />
2068870 閑古鳥が鳴く v5k<br />
2418940 男鰥に蛆が湧く v5k<br />
2417090 群羊を駆って猛虎を攻む v5m<br />
2419790 無理が通れば道理が引っ込む v5m<br />
2417000 金が子を生む v5m<br />
2417970 小の虫を殺して大の虫を生かす v5s<br />
1213500 甘言は偶人を喜ばす v5s<br />
2141210 網呑舟の魚を漏らす v5s<br />
2108430 入るを量りて出ずるを為す v5s<br />
2417990 小人閑居して不善を為す v5s<br />
1470130 能ある鷹は爪を隠す v5s<br />
2397070 噂をすれば影が射す v5s<br />
2419300 入るを計りて出ずるを制す v5s<br />
2418670 先んずれば人を制す v5s<br />
2419160 桃李物言わざれども下自ら蹊を成す v5s<br />
2417910 女の一念岩をも通す v5s<br />
2417640 思う念力岩をも徹す v5s<br />
2095220 群盲象を評す v5s<br />
2417080 君子豹変す v5s<br />
2420120 歴史は繰り返す v5s<br />
2417790 車軸を流す v5s<br />
1433890 爪で拾って箕で零す v5s<br />
2418180 親は無くても子は育つ v5t<br />
2418090 寝る子は育つ v5t<br />
2419890 目処が立つ v5t<br />
2420060 竜虎相搏つ v5t<br />
2419010 忠言耳に逆らう v5u<br />
2417030 金を貸せば友を失う v5u<br />
2417330 功罪相償う v5u<br />
2420030 来年の事を言うと鬼が笑う v5u<br />
2419840 明日の事を言えば鬼が笑う v5u<br />
2417510 最後に笑う者が最もよく笑う v5u<br />
2418460 粋が身を食う v5u<br />
2418160 親の因果が子に報う v5u<br />
2416830 我が身を抓って人の痛さを知る v5r<br />
2127610 足るを知る v5r<br />
2419520 病んで後初めて健康の価値を知る v5r<br />
2525070 サクラ散る v5r<br />
1970560 悪事千里を走る v5r<br />
2418820 損して得取る v5r<br />
2417160 健全なる精神は健全なる身体に宿る v5r<br />
2418520 正直の頭に神宿る v5r<br />
2417240 古い革袋に新しい酒を盛る v5r<br />
2417890 所変われば品変わる v5r<br />
2416640 為る様に為る v5r<br />
2417310 御鉢が回る v5r<br />
2418420 塵も積もれば山と成る v5r<br />
2417850 習い性と成る v5r<br />
2419760 万感胸に迫る v5r<br />
2418770 憎まれっ子世に憚る v5r<br />
2417920 女の髪の毛には大象も繋がる v5r<br />
2417190 見る人は見ている v1<br />
2419140 刀折れ矢尽きる v1<br />
2417570 山が見える v1<br />
2417660 死んだ子の年を数える v1<br />
2419800 名の無い星は宵から出る v1<br />
2419330 熱りが冷める v1<br />
2419470 庇を貸して母屋を取られる v1<br />
2417520 才子才に溺れる v1<br />
2417550 策士策に溺れる v1<br />
2418120 新しい酒は古い革袋に入れる v1<br />
2417360 喉元過ぎれば熱さを忘れる v1<br />
2418040 上手の手から水が漏れる v1<br />
2416900 急いては事を仕損ずる vz</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Tanaka_Corpus&diff=473Tanaka Corpus2011-04-24T07:39:36Z<p>Bono: /* Downloads */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Introduction=<br />
This page provides some brief documentation for the Tanaka Corpus of parallel Japanese-English sentences, and in particular the modification and editing that has been carried out to enable use of the corpus as a source of examples in the WWWJDIC dictionary server and other systems.<br />
<br />
The corpus was compiled by Professor Yasuhito Tanaka at Hyogo University and his students, as described in his [http://www.edrdg.org/projects/tanaka/tanaka.pdf Pacling2001] paper. At Pacling2001 Professor Tanaka released copies of the corpus, and stated that it is in the public domain. According to Professor Christian Boitet, Professor Tanaka did not think the collection was of a very good standard. (Sadly, Prof. Tanaka died in early 2003.)<br />
<br />
At the 2002 Papillon workshop in Tokyo, Professor Boitet included a copy of the corpus in a CD, distributed to participants, and suggested that it may serve as examples in a dictionary. Jim Breen realised it had the potential to be a source of example sentences in the WWWJDIC server. He edited, reformatted and indexed the corpus and linked it at the word level to the dictionary function in the server. (see below) <br />
<br />
The inclusion of the Corpus in the WWWJDIC server exposed it to a wide audience, and a number of other systems incorporated the corpus into their operation. It also began to be used in some research projects in natural language processing.<br />
<br />
In 2006 the Corpus was incorporated into the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project] being developed by Trang Ho to provide a sentence-based multi-lingual resource. That project is now the "home" of the Corpus.<br />
<br />
=Compilation=<br />
Professor Tanaka's students were given the task of collecting 300 sentence pairs each. After several years, 212,000 sentence pairs had been collected.<br />
<br />
From inspection, it appears that many of the sentence pairs have been derived from textbooks, e.g. books used by Japanese students of English. Some are lines of songs, others are from popular books and Biblical passages.<br />
<br />
The original collection contained large numbers of errors, both in the Japanese and English. Many of the errors were in spelling and transcription, although in a significant number of cases the Japanese and English contained grammatical, syntactic, etc. errors, or the translations did not match at all.<br />
<br />
The original file can still be downloaded (see below.)<br />
=Initial Modifications to the Corpus=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus was edited and adapted to be used within the [http://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1C WWWJDIC] dictionary server as a set of example sentences associated with words in the dictionary. In order to adapt the corpus for this role, it was edited as follows:<br />
# an initial regularization of the punctuation of the Japanese and English sentences was carried out, then duplicate pairs were removed, reducing the original file from 210,000 pairs to 180,000 pairs;<br />
# sentences which differed only by differences in orthography (e.g. kana/kanji usage, okurigana differences), numbers, proper names, minor grammatical points such as plain/polite verb usage, etc. were reduced to single representative examples;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese consisted of a short Japanese statement in kana were removed;<br />
# sentences with spelling errors, kana-kanji conversion errors, etc. were corrected;<br />
# sentences where the English version did not match the Japanese were edited to make the two versions agree;<br />
# where the sentences contain gender-specific language or words, the English portion has been tagged with [M] or [F] respectively;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese was too garbled to derive a valid English equivalent were removed.<br />
<br />
The process described above has continued, and at present the edited corpus has just over 150,000 sentence pairs.<br />
=Incorporation into the WWWJDIC Server=<br />
(The initial incorporation of the Tanaka Corpus in the WWWJDIC server is described in a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/papillon/dicexamples.html paper] presented to the 2003 [http://www.papillon-dictionary.org/papillon/Home.po Papillon workshop].)<br />
In order to facilitate the linking of sentences in the Corpus to words in the online dictionary, a list of Japanese words and phrases was extracted from each sentence. This was carried out using the Chasen morphological analysis program. Compound words which had dictionary entries were recombined as necessary. At present about 27,000 unique Japanese words and phrases are indexed.<br />
<br />
The list of words associated with each sentence is used by the WWWJDIC server to select examples of the usage of the words. In addition, users of the WWWJDIC server can search the Corpus using text strings in Japanese and/or English, and using regular expressions. Via WWWJDIC users could also submit corrections to sentences via a WWW feedback form. Several thousand corrections were submitted this way.<br />
<br />
More information on the WWWJDIC use of the corpus is in the [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdicinf.html#examp_tag documentation].<br />
<br />
To see an example of the sentence linking, [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1Q%C2%E7%B3%D8%C0%B8_1_ here] is the sentence display for 大学生. There is also a function for [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?10 browsing] the sentences.<br />
=Current Format (WWWJDIC)=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus is now being maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. The Japanese-English pairs are extracted weekly and formatted for use by WWWJDIC in the format below.<br />
The file is in text format, with the Japanese in EUC-JP coding (UTF-8 encoding is also available).<br />
<br />
The format is as follows:<br />
# the file consists of pairs of lines, beginning with "A: " and "B: " respectively. There may also be comment lines which begin with a "#". <br />
# the "A:" lines contain the Japanese sentence and the English translation, separated by a TAB character. At the end of the English translation is a pair of sequence numbers in the format: #ID=nnnnnn_mmmmmm which identify the English and Japanese sentence pair in the Tatoteba Project;<br />
# the "B:" lines contain a space-delimited list of Japanese words found in the preceding sentence. <br />
# the Japanese words in the "B:" lines can have the following appended:<br />
## a reading in hiragana. This is to resolve cases where the word can be read different ways. WWWJDIC uses this to ensure that only the appropriate sentences are linked. The reading is in "round" parentheses.<br />
## a sense number. This occurs when the word has multiple senses in the EDICT file, and indicates which sense applies in the sentence. WWWJDIC displays these numbers. The sense number is in "square" parentheses.<br />
## the form in which the word appears in the sentence. This will differ from the indexing word if it has been inflected, for example. This field is in "curly" parentheses.<br />
## a "~" character to indicate that the sentence pair is a good and checked example of the usage of the word. Words are marked to enable appropriate sentences to be selected by dictionary software. Typically only one instance per sense of a word will be marked.The WWWJDIC server displays these sentences below the display of the related dictionary entry.<br />
The following example pair illustrates the format:<br />
<br />
A: その家はかなりぼろ屋になっている。[TAB]The house is quite run down.#ID=25507<br />
<br />
B: 其の{その} 家(いえ)[1] は 可也{かなり} ぼろ屋[1]~ になる[1]{になっている}<br />
<br />
=Subset=<br />
An automatically-generated subset of the edited corpus is also available. The subset contains those sentences with one or more words marked with a "~" (see above.)<br />
=Tatoeba Project=<br />
The Corpus is now maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. This project has extended the file to include many other languages, and many sentences are available in three or more languages. The project WWW site has extensive facilities for searching and editing the sentences, and has an active community of people entering and editing sentences.<br />
=Copyright Issues=<br />
Professor Tanaka originally placed the Corpus in the Public Domain, and that status was maintained for the versions used by WWWJDIC. In late 2009 the Tatoeba Project decided to move it to a Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/fr/deed.en_GB CC-BY] licence (that project is in France, where the concept of public domain is not part of the legal framework.) It can be freely downloaded and used provided the source is attributed.<br />
=Downloads=<br />
<br />
The current edited version used in the WWWJDIC server can be downloaded from:<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.gz complete version] (EUC-JP).<br />
This is the file being used by the Monash WWWJDIC server. Each time it is updated a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_date date-stamp] is set;<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.utf.gz complete version] (UTF-8)<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_s.gz subset] (in EUC-JP).<br />
<br />
In addition the last [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/examples_pd.gz Public Domain version] (Oct 2008) is available.<br />
<br />
Downloads can also be made from the [http://tatoeba.org/eng/pages/download-tatoeba-example-sentences Tatoeba database].<br />
<br />
The original file is available in [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_utf8.gz UTF8 coding] or [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_euc.gz EUC-JP coding]. Please note that these versions are only provided for historical interest. '''DO NOT''' use them in projects, as they are full of errors [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Dissertation Uk].<br />
<br />
=Credits=<br />
Many people have played a significant role in making the Tanaka Corpus available and useful:<br />
* Christian Boitet, who alerted Jim Breen to its existence;<br />
* Paul Blay, who for several years maintained and extended the Corpus, and did extensive work on the indices;<br />
* Trang Ho and her team of collaborators, who made a home for the WWWJDIC indices in the Tatoeba Project, and has greatly enhanced the Corpus;<br />
* Francis Bond, who has been a recent contributor and user of the Corpus for NLP research.<br />
<br />
=Warning/Disclaimer=<br />
The Corpus is a useful and interesting collection of matched Japanese and English sentence pairs, however it cannot be regarded as containing natural or representative examples of text in either language. This is because of the way it was originally compiled and the artificial nature of the sources. Also it still contains a large number of errors and repetitions. It certainly should not be used for any statistical analyses of the text.<br />
While the Corpus appears to be adequate and useful as a source of examples of word usage, the user is advised to be cautious and critical. The following points should be considered:<br />
# the sentences were typed in by students in order to meet a work requirement. Initially there were many mistakes both in the Japanese and English. While many have been corrected some still remain.<br />
# some clearly contain translations into Japanese of English sentences, and often do not represent the most natural way things are said in Japanese (overuse of pronouns, etc.).<br />
# others contain English translations which are very literal translations of the Japanese, and perhaps came from simple machine translation systems.<br />
# it should be noted that many of the sentences are of the kinds found in older "study for entrance exam books", and thus are likely to have contrived examples of grammar usage or slightly archaic English examples passed down from generation to generation by (Japanese) English teachers. They are not examples of normally-used modern English, and should not always be regarded as suitable for English study.<br />
# please DO NOT use the original file without exercising considerable caution. It contains thousands of errors and duplications in both the Japanese and English sentences. If any project wants to use the Tanaka material, it is STRONGLY recommended that the updated file is used.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=472JMdictEDICT software2011-04-24T07:38:16Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://supremedissertation.co.uk/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/ essay help]<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.customwritinghelp.co.uk/assignment.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-help.php assignment help]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-writing.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Writing UK]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Writing Service]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/Essay-writing.php/ Essay Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/Essay-writing.php/ Essay Writing Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing Service]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing Service UK]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/ Custom Essays]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal.php/ Dissertation Proposal]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/bespoke-essay.php/ Bespoke Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/write-my-essay.php/ Write My Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/business-essay.php/ Business Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/management-essay.php/ Management Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ UK Essay Writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ UK Dissertations]<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=471JMdictEDICT software2011-04-15T11:43:44Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/ essay help]<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.customwritinghelp.co.uk/assignment.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-help.php assignment help]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-writing.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Writing UK]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ Dissertation Writing Service]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/Essay-writing.php/ Essay Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/Essay-writing.php/ Essay Writing Help]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing Service]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ Essay Writing Service UK]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/ Custom Essays]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal.php/ Dissertation Proposal]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/bespoke-essay.php/ Bespoke Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/write-my-essay.php/ Write My Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/business-essay.php/ Business Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/management-essay.php/ Management Essay]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php/ UK Essay Writing]<br />
** [http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation.php/ UK Dissertations]<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=470JMdictEDICT software2011-04-15T07:38:14Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/ essay help]<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.customwritinghelp.co.uk/assignment.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-help.php assignment help]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-writing.php assignment writing]<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=JMdictEDICT_software&diff=465JMdictEDICT software2011-04-06T11:15:11Z<p>Bono: /* EDICT */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Software Packages and Servers using the JMdict and EDICT Files==<br />
<br />
''(This list is far from complete. Feel free to add to it.)''<br />
<br />
'''NB:''' Many of the packages & servers listed here use or include older versions of the files.<br />
<br />
===EDICT===<br />
* SERVERS<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdic.html WWWJDIC]<br />
** [http://jishobot.com Jishobot]<br />
** [http://rut.org/cgi-bin/j-e/dict Jeffrey's Server]<br />
** [http://www.rikai.com/perl/Home.pl Rikai.com]<br />
** [http://azalae.com/diku/ diku] - a very simple server<br />
** [http://www.glpwd.com/jtango-web/search.action jTango], another basic server<br />
** [http://dictionary.pspinc.com/ PSP's] basic server (old files used)<br />
** [http://www.foks.info/ FOKS] (Forgiving Online Kanji Search) - compensates for mistakenly guessed readings<br />
** nasty mangled romaji server at [http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html freedict]<br />
** the [http://www.animelab.com/anime.manga/dictionary/ AnimeLab] server<br />
** [http://www.nihongoresources.com/ NihongoResources] server<br />
** Grzegorz Bober's [http://tangorin.com/ Tangorin] (uses the Tanaka Corpus too.)<br />
** [http://spencer.blackmarket.net/dic_word_search.asp Spencer's server]<br />
** [http://www.ss.ics.tut.ac.jp/pubdict/pubdict.html Heartful Dictionary] at the Toyohashi University of Technology <br />
** [http://japanod.com/ JapanOD] server, which has keitai options<br />
<br />
* PACKAGES<br />
<br />
** Rikai-derived [http://rikaixul.mozdev.org/ Mozilla plugin]<br />
** Similar [http://www.polarcloud.com/rikaichan/ Rikaichan] plugin for Firefox/Thunderbird<br />
** Popular [http://www.coolest.com/jquicktrans/ JQuickTrans] (Windows)<br />
** [http://www.physics.ucla.edu/~grosenth/jwpce.html JWPce] (free Windows WP with integrated dictionary)<br />
** [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/xjdic/ xjdic] - a clunky X11 terminal window program for Linux/Unix<br />
** [http://gjiten.sourceforge.net/ GJiten] - a rather cooler GUI-based Linux/Unix program<br />
** [http://www.boingo.org/dan/software/MacJDic.html MacJDic] for Macs, of course<br />
** [http://www.enfour.co.jp/unidict/e/about.html UniDict], also for Macs<br />
** [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs<br />
** [http://homepage.mac.com/andrewlindesay/le/page_wordlookup.html WordLookup], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.tensaimac.com/about/ Tensai], for Macs<br />
** [http://www.customwritinghelp.co.uk/assignment.php assignment writing]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-help.php assignment help]<br />
** [http://www.perfectwriting.co.uk/assignment/assignment-writing.php assignment writing]<br />
<br />
===JMdict===<br />
<br />
* Petteri Kettunen's [http://neko.homeunix.net/~petterik/tkjmdict.html tkjmdict]<br />
* Cory Nelson's [http://int64.org/gozoku.html Gozoku] (formerly JMDict#)<br />
* Jean Soulat's [http://www.smartkanji.net SmartKanji.net] free on-line multilingual dictionary with text parser. Also included: links to Wieger's etymological lessons and two dictionaries of Chinese/Japanese Buddhist terms.<br />
* [http://www.jedict.com/ JEDict] for Macs</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Editorial_policy&diff=464Editorial policy2011-04-06T11:14:15Z<p>Bono: /* Names of biological species */</p>
<hr />
<div>==JMdict/EDICT Editorial Policy and Guidelines==<br />
<br />
'''Note: This policy is being redrafted to align it with the new JMdictDB system being phased in for additionas and amendments.'''<br />
<br />
These guidelines are intended for people preparing new entries or amendments for the JMdict/EDICT files. Typically these entries or amendments will be made via the [[JMdictDB_Project|JMdictDB]] on-line database system.<br />
<br />
==Before Starting==<br />
<br />
Before proposing a new entry or an amendment, you should:<br />
*familiarize yourself with the style of the dictionary, particularly the way the English meanings are typically worded;<br />
*make very sure it is not already an entry. An amazing number of "new" entries turn out to be in the dictionary already, or variants of existing entries;<br />
*check you have written it correctly. Has it the correct kanji? Is the reading correct, with the vowel length right, ず/づ issues resolved, etc.?<br />
*verify the source. There are excellent online dictionaries available, e.g. the Sanseido dictionaries at the [http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/ Goo] site. The Eijiro dictionary at the [http://www.alc.co.jp/ ALC] site is also useful. If the word or phrase can't be found in a dictionary, WWW references to where it is used may suffice, but the meaning and context has to be clear. Dictionary and other reference information should be included in the "Reference" section in the form.<br />
*verify that the word or phrase is common enough to include in the dictionary. Page counts for Google or Yahoo are useful for this purpose. In general unless a word or phrase has more than about 50 hits on the WWW, it is not worth submitting.<br />
<br />
==Dictionary Entry Fields==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Kanji/Special-Character Forms===<br />
<br />
The Kanji section of the entry form contains the form of the Japanese word/phrase which contains kanji, special characters or letters from non-Japanese scripts (e.g. MP3プレーヤー). The word/phrase should written in full-width characters (e.g. it is not MP3プレーヤー).<br />
<br />
There may be more than one version of the word or phrase in this section. The usual reasons for having more than one version (also known as "surface forms" or "orthographical variants") are:<br />
*alternative kanji in the word, e.g. 合気道 and 合氣道<br />
*variations in ''okurigana'', e.g., 生け花 and 生花<br />
*part of a word being written either in kanji or kana, e.g., 言い付ける and 言いつける<br />
Where there are multiple forms of a word, enter them with the most commonly used form first, and then order them in decreasing frequency of use.<br />
<br />
Synonyms should not be included here. Instead they should be entered as separate dictionary entries, and a cross-reference inserted to them.<br />
<br />
Some other points to note:<br />
*in the case of na-adjectives (形容動詞), the な is NOT included in the entry (some Japanese dictionaries include it.) Use a part-of-speech of "adj-na".<br />
*as most adverbs are derived from either regular adjectives (く form) or na-adjectives (に), there is no need to have an entry unless the adverb is not apparent from the adjective.<br />
*for verbs formed from adding する to a noun, do not include the する in the headword - instead use the part-of-speech of "vs". The exception to this is the group of single-kanji-plus-する verbs such as 愛する. For these include the complete verb and use the "vs-s" part-of-speech.<br />
*for adverbs that are indicated by と, e.g. まざまざと, do not include the と, instead note the part-of-speech as "adv-to".<br />
*for adjectives that use たる (and と in the adverbial form), e.g. 依然たる, 依然と, omit the たる and と and use "adj-t" as the part-of-speech.<br />
*for the -さ (-ness) and -く (adverb) inflections of adjective, only include them if the meaning is not obvious from the gloss of the adjective itself.<br />
<br />
A set of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_kinf tags], e.g. iK or oK, can be applied to the words in this section. These should be used sparingly.<br />
<br />
===Readings===<br />
<br />
In this section enter either the reading(s) of the word/phrase in the Kanji section, or the word itself if it is written inly in kana. Readings associated with kanji should normally be in hiragana; the main exceptions being:<br />
* Chinese or Korean words and names, which are often transliterated using katakana;<br />
* the names of biological species which should be entered in both katakana and hiragana (if there is also a kanji form.)<br />
More than one reading can be entered where alternatives are possible. This can occur when<br />
* a kanji has alternative readings;<br />
* where there are different transliterations of 外来語, e.g., ダイヤモンド and ダイアモンド;<br />
* where a species name is being recorded; in these cases both hiragana and katakana forms should be entered. The katakana form must have "[nokanji]" after it to indicate that it is used without the kanji form, and a "[uk]" should be included in the Meanings field. Place the hiragana form first (client software such as WWWJDIC will display the katakana form first.)<br />
Where alternative readings are restricted to particular variants of the kanji form, specify this using the [restr=KKK] pattern after the reading.<br />
As in the Kanji section, place the more common reading(s) first.<br />
<br />
If a 外来語 (e.g. ベースボール) means the same as a native Japanese word (e.g. 野球), do not include the 外来語 form as a reading of the kanji. Instead create a separate entry and create cross-references between them. Similarly if two kana-only words have the same meaning, do not place them in the same entry unless they are related, e.g. spelling or pronunciation variants.<br />
<br />
If the kanji part contains katakana (e.g. 一眼レフ), use katakana in the Reading as well for the matching portion (いちがんレフ).<br />
<br />
A set of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_rinf tags], e.g. ik or ok, can be applied to the words in this section. These should be used sparingly.<br />
<br />
===Meanings===<br />
<br />
The Meanings section of the entry form is divided into senses, i.e. distinct meanings. These are indicated by a sense number: [1], [2], etc. Each sense can have a number of [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_pos part of speech tags] (POS), e.g. [n], [adj-i] and [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#kw_misc miscellaneous tags], e.g. [abbr] and [col]. <br />
<br />
The meanings consist of one or more short translations of the Japanese word or phrase.<br />
<br />
*do not copy translations, especially longer ones, directly from other dictionaries. For simple terms there may not be much in the way of alternatives, but for longer explanations use you own words, reword things, etc. Significant copying carries a risk of charges of plagiarism or copyright violation.<br />
*where the Japanese has more than one distinct meaning, break the section into senses.<br />
*make each translation a separate item, i.e. place a ";" between them. This makes reverse look up and exact match on the English possible. Some examples:<br />
**abbreviations: "three letter acronym; TLA" not "three letter acronym (TLA)"<br />
**conjunctions: "rice field; rice paddy" not "rice field or paddy"<br />
*make sure the meaning agrees with the part-of-speech. If the Japanese word is a noun, don't make the translation a verb (e.g. to xxxx)<br />
*when entering a verb, use the infinitive in English (to run, to jump, etc.)<br />
*for adjectives, the English entry should be just the adjective, not the adjective and copula:<br />
** "lucky" not "be lucky" or "is lucky"<br />
*where different forms of English use different terms, include all major variants (e.g. both "snow pea" and "mange tout" or "tap" and "faucet".) <br />
*include both "British" and "American" spellings. For short meanings it is better to repeat the meaning with the alternative spelling, however it is also acceptable to just put the alternative at the end in paretheses, e.g. "full colour (color)". Do not use patterns such as "colo(u)r" as they can't be searched for successfully.<br />
*do not use capital letters unless referring to a proper name (person, place, etc.)<br />
*do not precede the meaning with the articles "a", "an" or "the" inless it is absolutely necessary to make the meaning clear.<br />
*when entering the scientific name of a plant, animal, etc. put it in brackets after the first common English name, e.g. "spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus)". Note that the first word of the scientific name will have a capital letter. (See the note on "Names of biological species" below.)<br />
*put any context in brackets, e.g.: "consulting (the oracle)" not "consulting the oracle".<br />
*when indicating a field or domain for an entry, e.g., "comp" or "ling", state it using the [fld=xxxx] pattern. For example:<br />
** [fld=comp] floating-point<br />
*when using "e.g." to expand on the meaning of a word by giving examples, or when using "i.e." to qualify the meaning of a word, place the expansion in parentheses after the initial translation. For example say "hand game (e.g. rock, paper, scissors)", not "hand game, e.g. rock, paper, scissors". Also, do not include a comma after e.g. or i.e.<br />
*where the part-of-speech includes "vs", i.e. the Japanese word will function as a verb with the addition of する, there are two options:<br />
** enter the English meaning just as a noun or participle with a POS of (n,vs); not as a verb. See the 料理 entry, which has: "cooking; cookery; cuisine", not "cook".<br />
** have one sense with a POS of "n" and a second sense with a POS of "vs" in which meaning can be "to ...".<br />
(If the POS is "vs" alone, then it the meaning will be given as a verb, but such occurrences are rare.)<br />
* '''never''' create an English meaning purely based on the translation of the meanings of the kanji making up a word. Sometimes it will be correct, but there are many cases where the result would be quite wrong. (魂柱 does not mean "spirit pillar").<br />
*short explanatory notes can be included as part of a sense. Use the pattern [note="this is a note"].<br />
<br />
===Word Source===<br />
<br />
* if the word comes from another language, mark this next to the English meaning. The format is [lsrc=lng:], where lng is the three-letter code from the [http://xml.coverpages.org/iso639a.html ISO 639-2:1998 "Codes for the representation of names of languages" standard]:<br />
** アルバイト [1][n,vs] part-time job [lsrc=ger:Arbeit]<br />
** アールデコ [1][n] art deco [lsrc=fre:]<br />
<br />
Don't do this for (i) common Sino-Japanese vocbaulary, (ii) English loan-words where the first translation listed is the source word.<br />
<br />
===Cross-References===<br />
<br />
Cross-references must refer to other dictionary entries. Where the target word has a kanji form, that form should be used. <br />
<br />
Most cross-references will be synonyms, references to the full form (in the case of abbreviations), words from which the entry is derived, etc. <br />
<br />
Specify the cross-reference using the pattern [see=言葉] or [ant=何等] (see the [http://www.edrdg.org/jmdictdb/cgi-bin/edhelp.py#syn_xref detailed instructions]). Where the reference is to a particular headword/reading combination, use the format: kanji・reading, e.g., [see=金本位・かねほんい]. For targets that are a particular sense of the target word use the format [see=漢字[2]].<br />
<br />
==Other Issues/Policies==<br />
<br />
===Merging Entries===<br />
<br />
On occasions two or more entries may be merged when there are grounds for assuming they are variants of each other. The basic principle that is applied is a "two-out-of-three" rule. For the candidate entries, if at least two out of the (a) kanji-headword, (b) reading and (c) meaning fields are the same, the entries may be merged. Otherwise they must be separate entries. <br />
<br />
Two entries with no kanji could be merged if they have the same meaning and the kana forms are related, e.g. are variants of each other.<br />
<br />
===Names of biological species===<br />
My suggestion for rules for biological species:<br />
*Whenever possible, both the common name and the scientific name (using binomial nomenclature) of a species should be provided. The preferred format is: ''common_name (scientific_name)'', e.g. European magpie (''Pica pica''). If the common name is unknown, the preferred format is: ''scientific_name (description)'', e.g. ''Mola mola'' (a species of sunfish).<br />
*Common names should be written in dictionary form. This means that only proper nouns and proper adjectives should be capitalized, even for officially standardized common names. e.g. "American kestrel", not "American Kestrel".<br />
*Generic names (and names of higher taxa) are always capitalized; specific epithets are never capitalized. e.g. "''Tyrannosaurus rex''", not "''tyrannosaurus rex''" or "''Tyrannosaurus Rex''"<br />
*Where applicable, subspecific taxonomic categories should be written out fully using ICZN or ICBN rules.<br />
**For animal subspecies, this consists of merely writing the subspecific epithet. For example, the cinnamon bear, a subspecies of American black bear, should be submitted as: cinnamon bear (''Ursus americanus cinnamomum'')<br />
**For plant subspecies, the abbreviation "subsp." should be used before the subspecific epithet. For example, occluded blindweed, a subspecies of hedge bindweed, should be submitted as: occluded blindweed (''Calystegia sepium'' subsp. ''erratica'')<br />
***For varieties, the abbreviation "var." must be used.<br />
****For forms, "f." must be used.<br />
*****Cultivar epithets should capitalized and placed in single quotes. (e.g. ''Taxus baccata'' 'Variegata')<br />
*Do not submit the author name. e.g., raspberry (''Rubus idaeus''), not raspberry (''Rubus idaeus'' L.) (The "L." stands for Linnaeus.)<br />
*Whenever possible, junior synonyms should not be submitted. Submit only the single scientific name currently accepted as the senior synonym. Wikipedia and The Encyclopedia of Life are good resources for finding the most up-to-date classifications.<br />
*Submissions should include the Japanese name in kanji, hiragana, and--in the vast majority of cases--katakana. Biological names are very often written in katakana, and thus a (uk) tag is usually warranted. Nevertheless, the katakana reading should always be placed ''after'' the hiragana reading. For example, 銭形海豹 [ぜにがたあざらし,ゼニガタアザラシ] (n) (uk) harbor seal (''Phoca vitulina'')/harbour seal/common seal<br />
*Names of higher taxa should include the headword written entirely in kanji, even though it may be only rarely used in practice. Reading restrictions will be used where appropriate. For example, セリ科,芹科 [セリか(セリ科),せりか(芹科)] (n) Apiaceae (parsley family of plants)/Umbelliferae<br />
*When unsure of a kanji headword, it is often easy to determine based on the English translation or the appearance of the species. For example, the white-cheeked pintail (''Anas bahamas'') is known as ホオジロオナガガモ in Japanese. This word does not appear in any Japanese dictionary, but it is rather obviously written as 頬白尾長鴨. Include a kanji headword whenever it can be determined in this manner, but never guess. [[User:ReneMalenfant|ReneMalenfant]] 21:05, 25 August 2009 (UTC)<br />
<br />
* [http://www.designerevaluation.com/logo-design/ logo design]<br />
* [http://www.designerevaluation.com/ website design]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Common_words&diff=463Common words2011-04-06T11:12:20Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>The following are the ~850 Ogden's [http://ogden.basic-english.org/words.html basic English words]. It would interesting to see if they could be used in WWWJDIC, etc. to enhance English-Japanese lookups.<br />
<br />
What is needed is suitable Japanese word equivalents. The idea is that if someone looks up "account" they will initially be offered the entries for アカウント, 口座, 会計, 預金, .. instead of all the entries containing the word.<br />
<br />
Feel free to add Japanese equivalents.<br />
* [http://www.seoprofessionalsonline.com professional seo]<br />
* [http://www.seoprofessionalsonline.com/website-optimizer.asp website optimizer]<br />
<br />
----<br />
I 私 僕 俺 我(われ) 自分 此方 不肖 手前 内(うち)<br />
<br />
a<br />
<br />
able 有能 腕利き 出来る<br />
<br />
about について に関して に関する ごろ ぐらい<br />
<br />
account アカウント 口座 会計 預金<br />
<br />
acid 酸 酸性<br />
<br />
across<br />
<br />
act 行い 行為 幕 法令 条例 演じる 出演 <br />
<br />
addition 付加 追加<br />
<br />
adjustment 調整 調節 修正 精算<br />
<br />
advertisement 広告 宣伝 公募 アド アドバタイズメント<br />
<br />
after<br />
<br />
again<br />
<br />
against<br />
<br />
agreement<br />
<br />
air<br />
<br />
all<br />
<br />
almost<br />
<br />
among<br />
<br />
amount<br />
<br />
amusement<br />
<br />
and<br />
<br />
angle<br />
<br />
angry<br />
<br />
animal 動物<br />
<br />
answer 答える 答え<br />
<br />
ant 蟻<br />
<br />
any<br />
<br />
apparatus<br />
<br />
apple 林檎<br />
<br />
approval<br />
<br />
arch アーチ <br />
<br />
argument<br />
<br />
arm<br />
<br />
army 軍隊<br />
<br />
art<br />
<br />
as<br />
<br />
at<br />
<br />
attack<br />
<br />
attempt<br />
<br />
attention<br />
<br />
attraction<br />
<br />
authority<br />
<br />
automatic<br />
<br />
awake<br />
<br />
baby<br />
<br />
back<br />
<br />
bad<br />
<br />
bag<br />
<br />
balance<br />
<br />
ball ボール 玉 球 球技 投球 舞踏会<br />
<br />
band<br />
<br />
base<br />
<br />
basin 鉢 洗面器 水盤<br />
<br />
basket 篭 バスケット <br />
<br />
bath 風呂 バス 浴槽<br />
<br />
be<br />
<br />
beautiful 美しい きれい<br />
<br />
because<br />
<br />
bed ベッド 寝台<br />
<br />
bee 蜜蜂<br />
<br />
before<br />
<br />
behavior 振る舞い 態度 行動 挙動 行儀 確信<br />
<br />
belief 信念 <br />
<br />
bell 鐘 釣り鐘<br />
<br />
bent<br />
<br />
berry ベリー 液果 漿果<br />
<br />
between<br />
<br />
bird 鳥 猟鳥 <br />
<br />
birth 出生 誕生 出産 分娩 生まれ 血統<br />
<br />
bit<br />
<br />
bite 噛む 噛み切る<br />
<br />
bitter 苦い 苦み 苦痛 辛い<br />
<br />
black 黒い 黒色<br />
<br />
blade 刃 刀身<br />
<br />
blood 血 血液<br />
<br />
blow 吹く 爆破 殴打 強打<br />
<br />
blue 青い 青色 藍色 紺色<br />
<br />
board 板 黒板 掲示板<br />
<br />
boat ボート 船舶 モーターボート 帆船<br />
<br />
body 身体 死体 死骸<br />
<br />
boiling 煮える 煮え立つ 沸き返る<br />
<br />
bone 骨 骨質 <br />
<br />
book 本 書物 書籍 著作<br />
<br />
boot ブーツ 編み上げ 深靴 半長靴<br />
<br />
bottle 瓶 <br />
<br />
box 箱<br />
<br />
boy<br />
<br />
brain<br />
<br />
brake<br />
<br />
branch<br />
<br />
brass<br />
<br />
bread<br />
<br />
breath<br />
<br />
brick<br />
<br />
bridge<br />
<br />
bright<br />
<br />
broken<br />
<br />
brother<br />
<br />
brown<br />
<br />
brush<br />
<br />
bucket<br />
<br />
building<br />
<br />
bulb<br />
<br />
burn<br />
<br />
burst<br />
<br />
business<br />
<br />
but<br />
<br />
butter<br />
<br />
button<br />
<br />
by<br />
<br />
cake<br />
<br />
camera<br />
<br />
canvas<br />
<br />
card<br />
<br />
care<br />
<br />
carriage<br />
<br />
cart<br />
<br />
cat<br />
<br />
cause<br />
<br />
certain<br />
<br />
chain<br />
<br />
chalk<br />
<br />
chance<br />
<br />
change<br />
<br />
cheap<br />
<br />
cheese<br />
<br />
chemical<br />
<br />
chest<br />
<br />
chief<br />
<br />
chin<br />
<br />
church<br />
<br />
circle<br />
<br />
clean<br />
<br />
clear<br />
<br />
clock<br />
<br />
cloth<br />
<br />
cloud<br />
<br />
coal<br />
<br />
coat<br />
<br />
cold<br />
<br />
collar<br />
<br />
color<br />
<br />
comb<br />
<br />
come<br />
<br />
comfort<br />
<br />
committee<br />
<br />
common<br />
<br />
company<br />
<br />
comparison<br />
<br />
competition<br />
<br />
complete<br />
<br />
complex<br />
<br />
condition<br />
<br />
connection<br />
<br />
conscious<br />
<br />
control<br />
<br />
cook<br />
<br />
copper<br />
<br />
copy<br />
<br />
cord<br />
<br />
cork<br />
<br />
cotton<br />
<br />
cough<br />
<br />
country<br />
<br />
cover<br />
<br />
cow<br />
<br />
crack<br />
<br />
credit<br />
<br />
crime<br />
<br />
cruel<br />
<br />
crush<br />
<br />
cry<br />
<br />
cup<br />
<br />
current<br />
<br />
curtain<br />
<br />
curve<br />
<br />
cushion<br />
<br />
cut<br />
<br />
damage<br />
<br />
danger<br />
<br />
dark<br />
<br />
daughter<br />
<br />
day<br />
<br />
dead<br />
<br />
dear<br />
<br />
death<br />
<br />
debt<br />
<br />
decision<br />
<br />
deep<br />
<br />
degree<br />
<br />
delicate<br />
<br />
dependent<br />
<br />
design<br />
<br />
desire<br />
<br />
destruction<br />
<br />
detail<br />
<br />
development<br />
<br />
different<br />
<br />
digestion<br />
<br />
direction<br />
<br />
dirty<br />
<br />
discovery<br />
<br />
discussion<br />
<br />
disease<br />
<br />
disgust<br />
<br />
distance<br />
<br />
distribution<br />
<br />
division<br />
<br />
do<br />
<br />
dog<br />
<br />
door<br />
<br />
doubt<br />
<br />
down<br />
<br />
drain<br />
<br />
drawer<br />
<br />
dress<br />
<br />
drink<br />
<br />
driving<br />
<br />
drop<br />
<br />
dry<br />
<br />
dust<br />
<br />
ear<br />
<br />
early<br />
<br />
earth<br />
<br />
east<br />
<br />
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you あなた あなたがた 君 君達 お宅 其方 お前 お前ら 手前 御身 己 己等 貴様<br />
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young 若い 若々しい 年若い 幼い 若者 青年 子供</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=308Main Page2011-01-28T09:45:15Z<p>Bono: </p>
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==== ====<br />
<br />
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.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Tanaka_Corpus&diff=159Tanaka Corpus2011-01-06T04:46:38Z<p>Bono: /* Introduction */</p>
<hr />
<div>=Introduction=<br />
This page provides some brief documentation for the Tanaka Corpus of parallel Japanese-English sentences, and in particular the modification and editing that has been carried out to enable use of the corpus as a source of examples in the WWWJDIC dictionary server and other systems.<br />
<br />
The corpus was compiled by Professor Yasuhito Tanaka at Hyogo University and his students, as described in his [http://www.edrdg.org/projects/tanaka/tanaka.pdf Pacling2001] paper. At Pacling2001 Professor Tanaka released copies of the corpus, and stated that it is in the public domain. According to Professor Christian Boitet, Professor Tanaka did not think the collection was of a very good standard. (Sadly, Prof. Tanaka died in early 2003.)<br />
<br />
At the 2002 Papillon workshop in Tokyo, Professor Boitet included a copy of the corpus in a CD, distributed to participants, and suggested hat it may serve as examples in a dictionary. Jim Breen realised it had the potential to be a source of example sentences in the WWWJDIC server. He edited, reformatted and indexed the corpus and linked it at the word level to the dictionary function in the server. (see below) <br />
<br />
The inclusion of the Corpus in the WWWJDIC server exposed it to a wide audience, and a number of other systems incorporated the corpus into their operation. It also began to be used in some research projects in natural language processing.<br />
<br />
In 2006 the Corpus was incorporated into the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project] being developed by Trang Ho to provide a sentence-based multi-lingual resource. That project is now the "home" of the Corpus.<br />
<br />
=Compilation=<br />
Professor Tanaka's students were given the task of collecting 300 sentence pairs each. After several years, 212,000 sentence pairs had been collected.<br />
<br />
From inspection, it appears that many of the sentence pairs have been derived from textbooks, e.g. books used by Japanese students of English. Some are lines of songs, others are from popular books and Biblical passages.<br />
<br />
The original collection contained large numbers of errors, both in the Japanese and English. Many of the errors were in spelling and transcription, although in a significant number of cases the Japanese and English contained grammatical, syntactic, etc. errors, or the translations did not match at all.<br />
<br />
The original file can still be downloaded (see below.)<br />
=Initial Modifications to the Corpus=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus was edited and adapted to be used within the [http://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1C WWWJDIC] dictionary server as a set of example sentences associated with words in the dictionary. In order to adapt the corpus for this role, it was edited as follows:<br />
# an initial regularization of the punctuation of the Japanese and English sentences was carried out, then duplicate pairs were removed, reducing the original file from 210,000 pairs to 180,000 pairs;<br />
# sentences which differed only by differences in orthography (e.g. kana/kanji usage, okurigana differences), numbers, proper names, minor grammatical points such as plain/polite verb usage, etc. were reduced to single representative examples;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese consisted of a short Japanese statement in kana were removed;<br />
# sentences with spelling errors, kana-kanji conversion errors, etc. were corrected;<br />
# sentences where the English version did not match the Japanese were edited to make the two versions agree;<br />
# where the sentences contain gender-specific language or words, the English portion has been tagged with [M] or [F] respectively;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese was too garbled to derive a valid English equivalent were removed.<br />
<br />
The process described above has continued, and at present the edited corpus has just over 150,000 sentence pairs.<br />
=Incorporation into the WWWJDIC Server=<br />
(The initial incorporation of the Tanaka Corpus in the WWWJDIC server is described in a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/papillon/dicexamples.html paper] presented to the 2003 [http://www.papillon-dictionary.org/papillon/Home.po Papillon workshop].)<br />
In order to facilitate the linking of sentences in the Corpus to words in the online dictionary, a list of Japanese words and phrases was extracted from each sentence. This was carried out using the Chasen morphological analysis program. Compound words which had dictionary entries were recombined as necessary. At present about 27,000 unique Japanese words and phrases are indexed.<br />
<br />
The list of words associated with each sentence is used by the WWWJDIC server to select examples of the usage of the words. In addition, users of the WWWJDIC server can search the Corpus using text strings in Japanese and/or English, and using regular expressions. Via WWWJDIC users could also submit corrections to sentences via a WWW feedback form. Several thousand corrections were submitted this way.<br />
<br />
More information on the WWWJDIC use of the corpus is in the [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdicinf.html#examp_tag documentation].<br />
<br />
To see an example of the sentence linking, [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1Q%C2%E7%B3%D8%C0%B8_1_ here] is the sentence display for 大学生. There is also a function for [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?10 browsing] the sentences.<br />
=Current Format (WWWJDIC)=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus is now being maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. The Japanese-English pairs are extracted weekly and formatted for use by WWWJDIC in the format below.<br />
The file is in text format, with the Japanese in EUC-JP coding (UTF-8 encoding is also available).<br />
<br />
The format is as follows:<br />
# the file consists of pairs of lines, beginning with "A: " and "B: " respectively. There may also be comment lines which begin with a "#". <br />
# the "A:" lines contain the Japanese sentence and the English translation, separated by a TAB character. At the end of the English translation is a pair of sequence numbers in the format: #ID=nnnnnn_mmmmmm which identify the English and Japanese sentence pair in the Tatoteba Project;<br />
# the "B:" lines contain a space-delimited list of Japanese words found in the preceding sentence. <br />
# the Japanese words in the "B:" lines can have the following appended:<br />
## a reading in hiragana. This is to resolve cases where the word can be read different ways. WWWJDIC uses this to ensure that only the appropriate sentences are linked. The reading is in "round" parentheses.<br />
## a sense number. This occurs when the word has multiple senses in the EDICT file, and indicates which sense applies in the sentence. WWWJDIC displays these numbers. The sense number is in "square" parentheses.<br />
## the form in which the word appears in the sentence. This will differ from the indexing word if it has been inflected, for example. This field is in "curly" parentheses.<br />
## a "~" character to indicate that the sentence pair is a good and checked example of the usage of the word. Words are marked to enable appropriate sentences to be selected by dictionary software. Typically only one instance per sense of a word will be marked.The WWWJDIC server displays these sentences below the display of the related dictionary entry.<br />
The following example pair illustrates the format:<br />
<br />
A: その家はかなりぼろ屋になっている。[TAB]The house is quite run down.#ID=25507<br />
<br />
B: 其の{その} 家(いえ)[1] は 可也{かなり} ぼろ屋[1]~ になる[1]{になっている}<br />
<br />
=Subset=<br />
An automatically-generated subset of the edited corpus is also available. The subset contains those sentences with one or more words marked with a "~" (see above.)<br />
=Tatoeba Project=<br />
The Corpus is now maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. This project has extended the file to include many other languages, and many sentences are available in three or more languages. The project WWW site has extensive facilities for searching and editing the sentences, and has an active community of people entering and editing sentences.<br />
=Copyright Issues=<br />
Professor Tanaka originally placed the Corpus in the Public Domain, and that status was maintained for the versions used by WWWJDIC. In late 2009 the Tatoeba Project decided to move it to a Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/fr/deed.en_GB CC-BY] licence (that project is in France, where the concept of public domain is not part of the legal framework.) It can be freely downloaded and used provided the source is attributed.<br />
=Downloads=<br />
<br />
The current edited version used in the WWWJDIC server can be downloaded from:<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.gz complete version] (EUC-JP).<br />
This is the file being used by the Monash WWWJDIC server. Each time it is updated a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_date date-stamp] is set;<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.utf.gz complete version] (UTF-8)<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_s.gz subset] (in EUC-JP).<br />
<br />
In addition the last [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/examples_pd.gz Public Domain version] (Oct 2008) is available.<br />
<br />
Downloads can also be made from the [http://tatoeba.org/eng/pages/download-tatoeba-example-sentences Tatoeba database].<br />
<br />
The original file is available in [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_utf8.gz UTF8 coding] or [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_euc.gz EUC-JP coding]. Please note that these versions are only provided for historical interest. '''DO NOT''' use them in projects, as they are full of errors.<br />
<br />
=Credits=<br />
Many people have played a significant role in making the Tanaka Corpus available and useful:<br />
* Christian Boitet, who alerted Jim Breen to its existence;<br />
* Paul Blay, who for several years maintained and extended the Corpus, and did extensive work on the indices;<br />
* Trang Ho and her team of collaborators, who made a home for the WWWJDIC indices in the Tatoeba Project, and has greatly enhanced the Corpus;<br />
* Francis Bond, who has been a recent contributor and user of the Corpus for NLP research.<br />
<br />
=Warning/Disclaimer=<br />
The Corpus is a useful and interesting collection of matched Japanese and English sentence pairs, however it cannot be regarded as containing natural or representative examples of text in either language. This is because of the way it was originally compiled and the artificial nature of the sources. Also it still contains a large number of errors and repetitions. It certainly should not be used for any statistical analyses of the text.<br />
While the Corpus appears to be adequate and useful as a source of examples of word usage, the user is advised to be cautious and critical. The following points should be considered:<br />
# the sentences were typed in by students in order to meet a work requirement. Initially there were many mistakes both in the Japanese and English. While many have been corrected some still remain.<br />
# some clearly contain translations into Japanese of English sentences, and often do not represent the most natural way things are said in Japanese (overuse of pronouns, etc.).<br />
# others contain English translations which are very literal translations of the Japanese, and perhaps came from simple machine translation systems.<br />
# it should be noted that many of the sentences are of the kinds found in older "study for entrance exam books", and thus are likely to have contrived examples of grammar usage or slightly archaic English examples passed down from generation to generation by (Japanese) English teachers. They are not examples of normally-used modern English, and should not always be regarded as suitable for English study.<br />
# please DO NOT use the original file without exercising considerable caution. It contains thousands of errors and duplications in both the Japanese and English sentences. If any project wants to use the Tanaka material, it is STRONGLY recommended that the updated file is used.<br />
<br />
[http://www.thesiswritingservice.com/ thesis writing]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Tanaka_Corpus&diff=155Tanaka Corpus2010-12-02T12:46:34Z<p>Bono: </p>
<hr />
<div>=Introduction=<br />
This page provides some brief documentation for the Tanaka Corpus of parallel Japanese-English sentences, and in particular the modification and editing that has been carried out to enable use of the corpus as a source of examples in the WWWJDIC dictionary server and other systems.<br />
<br />
The corpus was compiled by Professor Yasuhito Tanaka at Hyogo University and his students, as described in his [http://www.edrdg.org/projects/tanaka/tanaka.pdf Pacling2001] paper. At Pacling2001 Professor Tanaka released copies of the corpus, and stated that it is in the public domain. According to Professor Christian Boitet, Professor Tanaka did not think the collection was of a very good standard. (Sadly, Prof. Tanaka died in early 2003.)<br />
<br />
At the 2002 Papillon workshop in Tokyo, Professor Boitet included a copy of the corpus in a CD distributed to participants, and suggested it may serve for examples in a dictionary. Jim Breen realised it had potential to be a source of example sentences in the WWWJDIC server. He edited, reformatted and index the corpus and linked it at the word level to the dictionary function in the server (see below.) <br />
<br />
The inclusion of the Corpus in the WWWJDIC server exposed it to a wide audience, and a number of other systems incorporated the corpus into their operation. It also began to be used in some research projects in natural language processing.<br />
<br />
In 2006 the Corpus was incorporated into the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project] being developed by Trang Ho to provide a sentence-based multi-lingual resource. That project is now the "home" of the Corpus.<br />
=Compilation=<br />
Professor Tanaka's students were given the task of collecting 300 sentence pairs each. After several years, 212,000 sentence pairs had been collected.<br />
<br />
From inspection, it appears that many of the sentence pairs have been derived from textbooks, e.g. books used by Japanese students of English. Some are lines of songs, others are from popular books and Biblical passages.<br />
<br />
The original collection contained large numbers of errors, both in the Japanese and English. Many of the errors were in spelling and transcription, although in a significant number of cases the Japanese and English contained grammatical, syntactic, etc. errors, or the translations did not match at all.<br />
<br />
The original file can still be downloaded (see below.)<br />
=Initial Modifications to the Corpus=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus was edited and adapted to be used within the [http://www.edrdg.org/cgi-bin/wwwjdic/wwwjdic?1C WWWJDIC] dictionary server as a set of example sentences associated with words in the dictionary. In order to adapt the corpus for this role, it was edited as follows:<br />
# an initial regularization of the punctuation of the Japanese and English sentences was carried out, then duplicate pairs were removed, reducing the original file from 210,000 pairs to 180,000 pairs;<br />
# sentences which differed only by differences in orthography (e.g. kana/kanji usage, okurigana differences), numbers, proper names, minor grammatical points such as plain/polite verb usage, etc. were reduced to single representative examples;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese consisted of a short Japanese statement in kana were removed;<br />
# sentences with spelling errors, kana-kanji conversion errors, etc. were corrected;<br />
# sentences where the English version did not match the Japanese were edited to make the two versions agree;<br />
# where the sentences contain gender-specific language or words, the English portion has been tagged with [M] or [F] respectively;<br />
# sentences where the Japanese was too garbled to derive a valid English equivalent were removed.<br />
<br />
The process described above has continued, and at present the edited corpus has just over 150,000 sentence pairs.<br />
=Incorporation into the WWWJDIC Server=<br />
(The initial incorporation of the Tanaka Corpus in the WWWJDIC server is described in a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/papillon/dicexamples.html paper] presented to the 2003 [http://www.papillon-dictionary.org/papillon/Home.po Papillon workshop].)<br />
In order to facilitate the linking of sentences in the Corpus to words in the online dictionary, a list of Japanese words and phrases was extracted from each sentence. This was carried out using the Chasen morphological analysis program. Compound words which had dictionary entries were recombined as necessary. At present about 27,000 unique Japanese words and phrases are indexed.<br />
<br />
The list of words associated with each sentence is used by the WWWJDIC server to select examples of the usage of the words. In addition, users of the WWWJDIC server can search the Corpus using text strings in Japanese and/or English, and using regular expressions. Via WWWJDIC users could also submit corrections to sentences via a WWW feedback form. Several thousand corrections were submitted this way.<br />
<br />
More information on the WWWJDIC use of the corpus is in the [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/wwwjdicinf.html#examp_tag documentation].<br />
<br />
To see an example of the sentence linking, [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?1Q%C2%E7%B3%D8%C0%B8_1_ here] is the sentence display for 大学生. There is also a function for [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/cgi-bin/wwwjdic.cgi?10 browsing] the sentences.<br />
=Current Format (WWWJDIC)=<br />
As mentioned above, the Tanaka Corpus is now being maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. The Japanese-English pairs are extracted weekly and formatted for use by WWWJDIC in the format below.<br />
The file is in text format, with the Japanese in EUC-JP coding (UTF-8 encoding is also available).<br />
<br />
The format is as follows:<br />
# the file consists of pairs of lines, beginning with "A: " and "B: " respectively. There may also be comment lines which begin with a "#". <br />
# the "A:" lines contain the Japanese sentence and the English translation, separated by a TAB character. At the end of the English translation is a pair of sequence numbers in the format: #ID=nnnnnn_mmmmmm which identify the English and Japanese sentence pair in the Tatoteba Project;<br />
# the "B:" lines contain a space-delimited list of Japanese words found in the preceding sentence. <br />
# the Japanese words in the "B:" lines can have the following appended:<br />
## a reading in hiragana. This is to resolve cases where the word can be read different ways. WWWJDIC uses this to ensure that only the appropriate sentences are linked. The reading is in "round" parentheses.<br />
## a sense number. This occurs when the word has multiple senses in the EDICT file, and indicates which sense applies in the sentence. WWWJDIC displays these numbers. The sense number is in "square" parentheses.<br />
## the form in which the word appears in the sentence. This will differ from the indexing word if it has been inflected, for example. This field is in "curly" parentheses.<br />
## a "~" character to indicate that the sentence pair is a good and checked example of the usage of the word. Words are marked to enable appropriate sentences to be selected by dictionary software. Typically only one instance per sense of a word will be marked.The WWWJDIC server displays these sentences below the display of the related dictionary entry.<br />
The following example pair illustrates the format:<br />
<br />
A: その家はかなりぼろ屋になっている。[TAB]The house is quite run down.#ID=25507<br />
<br />
B: 其の{その} 家(いえ)[1] は 可也{かなり} ぼろ屋[1]~ になる[1]{になっている}<br />
<br />
=Subset=<br />
An automatically-generated subset of the edited corpus is also available. The subset contains those sentences with one or more words marked with a "~" (see above.)<br />
=Tatoeba Project=<br />
The Corpus is now maintained within the [http://tatoeba.org/home Tatoeba Project]. This project has extended the file to include many other languages, and many sentences are available in three or more languages. The project WWW site has extensive facilities for searching and editing the sentences, and has an active community of people entering and editing sentences.<br />
=Copyright Issues=<br />
Professor Tanaka originally placed the Corpus in the Public Domain, and that status was maintained for the versions used by WWWJDIC. In late 2009 the Tatoeba Project decided to move it to a Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/fr/deed.en_GB CC-BY] licence (that project is in France, where the concept of public domain is not part of the legal framework.) It can be freely downloaded and used provided the source is attributed.<br />
=Downloads=<br />
<br />
The current edited version used in the WWWJDIC server can be downloaded from:<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.gz complete version] (EUC-JP).<br />
This is the file being used by the Monash WWWJDIC server. Each time it is updated a [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_date date-stamp] is set;<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples.utf.gz complete version] (UTF-8)<br />
* [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/examples_s.gz subset] (in EUC-JP).<br />
<br />
In addition the last [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/examples_pd.gz Public Domain version] (Oct 2008) is available.<br />
<br />
Downloads can also be made from the [http://tatoeba.org/eng/pages/download-tatoeba-example-sentences Tatoeba database].<br />
<br />
The original file is available in [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_utf8.gz UTF8 coding] or [ftp://ftp.monash.edu.au/pub/nihongo/tanakacorp_euc.gz EUC-JP coding]. Please note that these versions are only provided for historical interest. '''DO NOT''' use them in projects, as they are full of errors.<br />
<br />
=Credits=<br />
Many people have played a significant role in making the Tanaka Corpus available and useful:<br />
* Christian Boitet, who alerted Jim Breen to its existence;<br />
* Paul Blay, who for several years maintained and extended the Corpus, and did extensive work on the indices;<br />
* Trang Ho and her team of collaborators, who made a home for the WWWJDIC indices in the Tatoeba Project, and has greatly enhanced the Corpus;<br />
* Francis Bond, who has been a recent contributor and user of the Corpus for NLP research.<br />
<br />
=Warning/Disclaimer=<br />
The Corpus is a useful and interesting collection of matched Japanese and English sentence pairs, however it cannot be regarded as containing natural or representative examples of text in either language. This is because of the way it was originally compiled and the artificial nature of the sources. Also it still contains a large number of errors and repetitions. It certainly should not be used for any statistical analyses of the text.<br />
While the Corpus appears to be adequate and useful as a source of examples of word usage, the user is advised to be cautious and critical. The following points should be considered:<br />
# the sentences were typed in by students in order to meet a work requirement. Initially there were many mistakes both in the Japanese and English. While many have been corrected some still remain.<br />
# some clearly contain translations into Japanese of English sentences, and often do not represent the most natural way things are said in Japanese (overuse of pronouns, etc.).<br />
# others contain English translations which are very literal translations of the Japanese, and perhaps came from simple machine translation systems.<br />
# it should be noted that many of the sentences are of the kinds found in older "study for entrance exam books", and thus are likely to have contrived examples of grammar usage or slightly archaic English examples passed down from generation to generation by (Japanese) English teachers. They are not examples of normally-used modern English, and should not always be regarded as suitable for English study.<br />
# please DO NOT use the original file without exercising considerable caution. It contains thousands of errors and duplications in both the Japanese and English sentences. If any project wants to use the Tanaka material, it is STRONGLY recommended that the updated file is used.<br />
<br />
[http://www.thesiswritingservice.com/ thesis writing]</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=EDRDG_Wiki:Copyrights&diff=13EDRDG Wiki:Copyrights2010-03-18T22:58:58Z<p>Bono: Created page with 'The EDRDG Wiki is covered by the general [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/edrdg/licence.html EDRDG licence]. When contributing to the Wiki, you are implicitly agreeing to have…'</p>
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<div>The EDRDG Wiki is covered by the general [http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/edrdg/licence.html EDRDG licence]. When contributing to the Wiki, you are implicitly agreeing to have your contribution covered by that licence.</div>Bonohttps://www.edrdg.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=1Main Page2010-03-17T11:37:05Z<p>Bono: </p>
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